🦠 Category

microbiology

771 papers

Microbiology explores the invisible world of tiny life forms that shape our health, environment, and even the air we breathe. From bacteria and viruses to fungi and parasites, this field investigates how these microscopic organisms interact with us and each other, driving everything from disease outbreaks to beneficial fermentation processes. Understanding them is crucial for developing new medicines, improving food safety, and combating global health challenges.

At Gist.Science, we make the latest discoveries in this dynamic field accessible to everyone. We process every new preprint uploaded to bioRxiv in this category, transforming dense academic findings into both clear, plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries. This ensures that whether you are a student, a researcher, or simply curious, you can grasp the significance of cutting-edge science without getting lost in jargon.

Below are the most recent papers in microbiology, curated and summarized directly from the bioRxiv server to keep you at the forefront of discovery.

🦠 microbiology

Receptor-binding domain 2 of Clostridioides difficile binary toxin as a promising vaccine component against C. difficile infection

This study identifies the receptor-binding domain 2 (RBD2) of the Clostridioides difficile binary toxin as a highly conserved and immunogenic vaccine candidate that effectively neutralizes toxin cytotoxicity and protects against infection in animal models, suggesting its potential to enhance multivalent vaccines against hypervirulent C. difficile strains.

Wang, S., Heuler, J. S., Nakanishi, Y., Kim, H. B., Sun, X.2026-08-31
🦠 microbiology

Differential Biofilm Susceptibility and Potent Isavuconazole Post-Antifungal Effect Distinguish Cutaneotrichosporon dermatis from Trichosporon asahii

This study characterizes *Cutaneotrichosporon dermatis* as a pathogenic yeast distinct from *Trichosporon asahii* by its specific biofilm susceptibility patterns and the potent post-antifungal effect of isavuconazole, suggesting that azole monotherapy or terbinafine-azole combinations are effective treatment options despite partial biofilm inhibition.

Yoshinouchi, T., Nakamura, T., Mori, D., Yasunaga, J.-i., Tanaka, Y.2026-08-31
🦠 microbiology

Contrasting evolutionary trajectories of nitrate assimilation across Brettanomyces bruxellensis lineages

This study reveals that nitrate assimilation in *Brettanomyces bruxellensis* is an ancestral trait that has been differentially maintained or lost across diverse lineages through mechanisms including copy number variation, gene degeneration, and asymmetric evolutionary dynamics between primary and acquired subgenomes in polyploid hybrids.

Vigna, A., Harrouard, J., Miot-Sertier, C., Loegler, V., Marullo, P., Friedrich, A., Schacherer, J., Peltier, E., Albert (…)2026-08-31
🦠 microbiology

A Low Containment CCHFV Entry Screening Platform Identifies Compounds with Antiviral Activity against Authentic CCHFV

This study establishes a practical low-containment screening workflow using CCHFV glycoprotein-pseudotyped VSV to identify eltrombopag olamine and quercetin as entry inhibitors that effectively block authentic Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus under high-containment conditions.

Spinoza, N., N. Spector, S., R. Harmon, J., Chatterjee, P., Kainulainen, M. H., Flint, M., Borges, C., Manafi, M., Abay (…)2026-08-30
🦠 microbiology

Expression of the C-type lectin receptor CD205 on B cells mediates HIV-1 binding and trans infection of CD4+ T cells

This study demonstrates that CD40L/IL-4 stimulation induces CD205 expression on B cells, which acts as a critical receptor for HIV-1 binding and facilitates efficient trans-infection of CD4+ T cells, thereby contributing to the maintenance of the HIV-1 reservoir in secondary lymphoid organs.

Gerberick, A., DePuyt, A., Shoucair, P., Mailliard, R., Watkins, S., Sluis-Cremer, N., Rinaldo, C.2026-08-30
🦠 microbiology

PfAMA1-expressing chimeric rodent malaria parasites provide an in vivo platform for evaluating multistage interventions against malaria

This study establishes a novel in vivo mouse model using CRISPR/Cas9-engineered chimeric rodent malaria parasites expressing *Plasmodium falciparum* AMA1 (and optionally CSP) to functionally validate the essential role of the AMA1-RON2 interaction in host cell invasion and to evaluate multistage, multi-antigen malaria interventions.

Issahaque, Q.-a., Shinzawa, N., Kegawa, Y., Sekine, T., Amino, H., Torii, M., Tsuji, M., Ishino, T.2026-08-30
🦠 microbiology

Genetic dissection of Mycobacteriophage D29 host lysis reveals two lysis regulators and a novel lipoprotein that regulate the lysis event and are localized to distinct regions of the genome

This study reveals that Mycobacteriophage D29 utilizes a complex lysis regulatory network involving two endolysins (LysA2a and LysA2b) and a novel lipoprotein (gene 64), where the 1TMD LysA2b acts as a critical regulator for the 2TMD LysA2a to control lysis timing and efficiency, while the lipoprotein serves an accessory role in optimizing lysis under specific genetic conditions.

Pollenz, R. S., Davenport, M., Ruiz-Houston, K. M.2026-08-29
🦠 microbiology

Spontaneous preputial gland infection in Staphylococcus aureus-colonized male C57BL/6 mice triggers a Th17-driven immune response

This study demonstrates that spontaneous, chronic preputial gland infections in *Staphylococcus aureus*-colonized male C57BL/6 mice are driven by a robust, localized Th17-biased immune response that fails to clear the bacteria, thereby establishing a valuable model for investigating natural host-pathogen interactions.

Fernandes Hartzig, L. M., Peringathara, S., Darisipudi, M. N., Seegert, S. L. L., Bludau, E., Weiss, S., Vogelgesang, A. (…)2026-08-28
🦠 microbiology

Exploratory metagenomics of bacterial diversity in semen from indonesian native roosters supplemented with curcumin and penicillin-streptomycin

This study demonstrates that while penicillin-streptomycin rapidly suppresses bacterial populations in Indonesian native rooster semen, curcumin offers a more balanced, dose-dependent modulation of the microbiome that stabilizes the ecosystem by selectively filtering harmful bacteria without compromising overall diversity.

Khaeruddin,, Hermawansyah,, Junaedi,, Syamsuryadi, B., Kasri,2026-08-28