🦠 Category

microbiology

552 papers

Microbiology explores the invisible world of tiny life forms that shape our health, environment, and even the air we breathe. From bacteria and viruses to fungi and parasites, this field investigates how these microscopic organisms interact with us and each other, driving everything from disease outbreaks to beneficial fermentation processes. Understanding them is crucial for developing new medicines, improving food safety, and combating global health challenges.

At Gist.Science, we make the latest discoveries in this dynamic field accessible to everyone. We process every new preprint uploaded to bioRxiv in this category, transforming dense academic findings into both clear, plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries. This ensures that whether you are a student, a researcher, or simply curious, you can grasp the significance of cutting-edge science without getting lost in jargon.

Below are the most recent papers in microbiology, curated and summarized directly from the bioRxiv server to keep you at the forefront of discovery.

🦠 microbiology

Mechanisms involved in cefiderocol resistance in French Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical strains

This study characterizes the multifactorial mechanisms of cefiderocol resistance in French *Pseudomonas aeruginosa* clinical strains, identifying acquired β\beta-lactamases (particularly NDM-1 and ESBLs) and impaired siderophore uptake (notably via PirR inactivation) as the primary drivers of high-level resistance, underscoring the critical need for routine surveillance and caution when treating NDM-producing isolates.

GAUTHIER, E., PISANI, M., BOUR, M., GROSJEAN, M., Plesiat, P., SAFARI, S., Hartkoorn, R. C., SOURO, L., Pretot, E., Jean (…)2026-04-16
🦠 microbiology

Impact of temperature on patient-derived dengue virus breakthrough infections in wMel-infected Aedes aegypti.

Elevated rearing temperatures above 30°C compromise the dengue-blocking efficacy of the wMel Wolbachia strain in Aedes aegypti by reducing symbiont density and increasing viral replication, thereby raising the risk of breakthrough infections and necessitating enhanced surveillance in hot climates.

da Silva Goncalves, D., Vi, T. T., Loterio, R. K., Nhu, T. V., Trang, X. H. T., Giang, T. N., Van Huynh, T. T., Huynh, L (…)2026-04-16
🦠 microbiology

Transposon insertion sequencing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa identifies multiple intersecting pathways essential for extreme colistin resistance

This study utilizes transposon insertion sequencing on an extremely colistin-resistant *Pseudomonas aeruginosa* isolate to identify and validate 20 essential genes, including novel pathways like *algU* and *wapH* and the inner membrane flippase *dpcA*, which collectively orchestrate the bacterium's extreme resistance through lipopolysaccharide modifications.

Vessely, M. B., Kich, R. P., Gatesy, S. W. M., Bertucci, H. K., Valdes, A., Luczak, C., Rao, S., Muszynski, A., Azadi, P (…)2026-04-16
🦠 microbiology

Gut microbiome composition and predicted functions relate to growth and behavior in a Japanese preschool cohort

This study demonstrates that in typically developing Japanese preschool children, distinct behavioral domains and sleep difficulties are associated with specific gut microbiome compositions and predicted metabolic functions, independent of age and physical growth metrics.

Ichikawa, S., Shimura, A., Kikuchi, A., Sanda, R., Sasayama, K., Nonoue, K., Tamura, H., Kano, T., Shimada, Y.2026-04-16
🦠 microbiology

Repeated SARS-CoV-2 Antigenic Exposures from Prior Vaccinations and Infections Demonstrate Limits of Antibody Durability and Breadth Against Newer Variants

This study demonstrates that while XBB.1.5 vaccination elicits broad neutralizing antibody responses in healthcare workers regardless of prior exposure history, these titers significantly wane within six months and show reduced efficacy against newer immune-evasive variants, highlighting the need for ongoing monitoring to guide future vaccine updates.

WANG, W., Goguet, e., Lusvarghi, S., Paz, S., Shrestha, L., Vassell, R., Pollett, S., Mitre, E., Weiss, C. D.2026-04-16
🦠 microbiology

Refining the Serine Protease Autotransporters of Enterobacteriaceae (SPATE) gene detection in Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli genomes uncovers differential SPATE distribution by phylogeny

By developing a refined detection methodology to correct for overestimation artifacts in previous studies, this research reveals that Serine Protease Autotransporters of Enterobacteriaceae (SPATEs) are less prevalent than previously thought but show distinct phylogeny-specific distributions in Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli, with the mucinase-encoding *pic* gene significantly associated with diarrhoea.

Dada, R. A., Afolayan, A. O., Adewuyi, O. A., Tytler, B. A., Olayinka, B. O., Thomson, N. R., Okeke, I. N.2026-04-16
🦠 microbiology

Serine proteases are required to activate influenza D virus haemagglutinin-esterase fusion (HEF) protein

This study identifies the human airway trypsin-like (HAT) and swine airway trypsin-like (swAT) proteases, along with endogenous matriptase, as key activators of the influenza D virus HEF protein, suggesting that protease specificity is not the primary factor restricting IDV replication in the human upper respiratory tract.

Maina, M., Zhang, J., Mayora Neto, M., da Costa, K. A., Bottcher-Friebertshauser, E., Hutchinson, E., Marotta, M. G., Tr (…)2026-04-16
🦠 microbiology

Infection of the bovine mammary gland by avian H5N1 subclade 2.3.4.4b influenza viruses

This study demonstrates that mammary tissue from three major cattle breeds (Aberdeen Angus, Holstein Friesian, and Limousin) is permissive to infection by avian H5N1 2.3.4.4b viruses, highlighting the potential for cattle to serve as a mixing vessel for viral reassortment and underscoring the critical need to include them in H5N1 surveillance frameworks.

Ross, R. A., Walsh, S. K., Montgomery, H., Chen, H., Hutchinson, E., Murcia, P. R.2026-04-16