792 papers
This study demonstrates that specific pathoadaptive mutations and increased glycosylation patterns in the G protein of RSV-A GA2.3.5 isolates correlate with enhanced viral replication and greater disease severity in hospitalized infants, highlighting their potential as targets for future surveillance and immune-based interventions.
A comparative genome analysis of 106 Japanese *Corynebacterium ulcerans* and *C. ramonii* isolates, alongside 597 global strains, revealed distinct domestic lineages dominated by the rare ST337 type, unique regional MLST distributions, and evidence of zoonotic transmission linked to toxin-encoding prophages.
Blocking the Tim-3 pathway in a mouse model of chronic toxoplasmosis enhances immune responses and reduces brain parasite burden by increasing cytokine levels and leukocyte infiltration while downregulating Tim-3 expression in microglia.
This study utilizes LC-MS/MS secretome analysis to demonstrate that *Bacillus toyonensis* Bto_UNVM-42 secretes pesticidal protein homologs and degradative enzymes, providing proteomic evidence that extracellular components contribute to its nematicidal activity and challenging the traditional view of these proteins as solely intracellular.
This study demonstrates that the heterotrophic protist *Aurantiochytrium* thrives on viral-induced dissolved organic matter released during the lysis of the red tide alga *Heterosigma akashiwo*, identifying it as a key consumer that facilitates carbon cycling and nutrient transfer in coastal microbial food webs following harmful algal blooms.
This paper presents the development and validation of two economical, high-throughput immunoassays (CBA and SIA) capable of sensitively and specifically detecting LCMV antibodies in mouse serum, thereby offering scalable tools for zoonotic surveillance, outbreak preparedness, and the study of viral transmission dynamics.
This study demonstrates that engineered *Bacillus subtilis* probiotics expressing lactate oxidase can acutely improve host energy balance and sepsis survival by rewiring microbiome metabolism toward anabolic processes, but these beneficial effects fail to persist chronically due to homeostatic compensation, highlighting a clear timescale-dependent limit to gut-centric metabolic therapies.
This study integrates 16S rRNA sequencing, metagenomics, and single-cell genomics to demonstrate that soybean red crown rot drives the restructuring of the root microbiome, specifically enriching opportunistic Enterobacterales lineages that possess cationic antimicrobial peptide resistance genes.
This study utilizes digital droplet PCR and SHAPE-MaP to compare the secondary structures of subgenomic flavivirus RNAs (sfRNAs) from four mosquito-borne flaviviruses in vitro and within infected cells, revealing largely similar structures with minor, consistent differences that suggest sfRNAs engage in only few, transient, or base-paired interactions with host and viral factors during infection.
This study demonstrates that psyllium, unlike methylcellulose, enhances inulin fermentation and metabolic health benefits by forming a gel matrix that facilitates bacterial penetration and access to substrates, thereby accelerating gas production, enriching polysaccharide-degrading microbes, and stimulating gut hormone secretion.
This study reveals that while short-chain fatty acids like butyrate generally inhibit *Staphylococcus aureus* growth, the presence of glucose synergistically promotes anaerobic growth and biofilm formation by reprogramming metabolism through anaplerotic pathways and stress response mechanisms.
This study utilizes Oxford Nanopore sequencing to comprehensively map DNA methylation in *Streptococcus mutans* UA159, identifying three distinct methyltransferases—including a novel regulatory enzyme, DnmA—and demonstrating how their epistatic interactions differentially regulate biofilm formation and antagonistic interactions with commensal bacteria.
This study reveals that Arctic tundra winter is a dynamic period of significant microbial community restructuring and functional shifts in nitrogen cycling, driven by freeze-thaw events and snow regimes, which challenges the traditional view of winter as a season of limited biological activity.
This study characterizes the gut microbiomes of six *Myrmecocystus* honeypot ant species using 16S rRNA sequencing, revealing that microbial communities are species-specific and enriched with lactic acid bacteria, acetic acid bacteria, and halophiles in replete crops, suggesting a potential role in preventing the spoilage of stored carbohydrates.
This study demonstrates that *Staphylococcus aureus* biofilms generate extracellular membrane vesicles (MVs) containing unique protein and DNA profiles that serve as critical components for biofilm formation and integrity, effectively compensating for the loss of matrix proteins or DNA when degraded by enzymes.
This study introduces a joint Bayesian latent-variable model that integrates parasite density, gametocyte density, and mosquito infectivity to quantify their interlinked relationships and measurement uncertainties in *Plasmodium vivax* transmission, revealing that while gametocyte density is the primary driver of infectivity, asexual parasite density provides significant additional predictive information.
This study demonstrates that Escherichia coli ST131 evades phage killing in urine through quorum sensing and capsule expression, but a rationalized therapy combining depolymerase-encoding phages, multi-receptor targeting, specific carbon sources, and simulated bladder washes can effectively overcome these resistance mechanisms to sterilize bacterial cultures.
This study demonstrates that while tuberculosis co-infection does not significantly alter HIV-1C proviral loads in ART-naive individuals, it is associated with distinct immune activation patterns, increased viral diversity, and a higher prevalence of drug resistance mutations, underscoring the critical need for comprehensive baseline screening and multi-compartment surveillance in TB-endemic settings.
This study identifies FlhG, a MinD-like ATPase in *Borrelia burgdorferi*, as a spatial regulator that coordinates flagellar assembly with cell division by dynamically localizing to the poles and midcell to direct the positioning of key flagellar proteins, thereby ensuring the proper morphology and motility of spirochetes.
This study reveals that Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) triggers coordinated, fast, and prolonged calcium responses in epithelial cells via low-level extracellular ATP and IP3 signaling, a mechanism that dampens NF-kappaB activation and modulates the host inflammatory response.