797 papers
This study presents the first systematic metagenomic survey of Hawaiian geothermal fumaroles, revealing high viral diversity including two novel Caudoviricetes orders, evidence of viral-mediated microbial adaptation, and the first terrestrial occurrence of a Microviridae-dominated community, thereby challenging existing viral ecology models.
Defective HIV proviruses trigger chronic inflammation in people with HIV by producing aberrant intragenic RNAs from the *env* gene that activate the MDA5-MAVS innate immune pathway, leading to type I interferon responses in myeloid cells.
This study utilizes a high-throughput genetic screen to demonstrate that nutrient availability regulates *Staphylococcus aureus* extracellular vesicle production through the *agr* quorum sensing system, linking metabolic stress to vesiculogenesis.
This study reveals that the environmental bacterium *Massilia* secretes the leucine biosynthetic intermediate 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate (4MOP), which *Leptospira interrogans* catabolizes to produce acetyl-CoA, thereby promoting its growth and offering new insights into the pathogen's environmental persistence and potential cultivation strategies.
This exploratory study demonstrates that sodium sulfide enhances the invasive growth of the wine yeast strain AWRI 796 under specific nitrogen-limiting and pre-culture conditions, although this effect is significantly modulated by genetic factors and environmental variables.
This metagenomic study demonstrates that cohabitation between dogs and their owners in China drives horizontal gene transfer and functional convergence in the oral microbiome, specifically leading to a significant enrichment of shared antibiotic resistance genes despite the absence of major taxonomic shifts.
This study demonstrates that chronic exposure to non-lethal concentrations of *Vibrio coralliilyticus* primes the coral holobiont through microbiome conditioning and immune gene modulation, significantly enhancing its resilience against subsequent heat-stress-induced infections and challenging the notion that coral immunity is strictly innate.
This study identifies a novel porphyrin-binding protein from *Flavobacterium quisquiliarum* that independently disrupts *Pseudomonas aeruginosa* biofilms by sequestering tetrapyrroles and interfering with iron homeostasis, offering a promising therapeutic strategy against chronic infections.
This study identifies D-gluconate, a host-generated sugar acid that accumulates during gut inflammation, as the primary carbon source fueling *Salmonella* expansion and persistence in both acute and chronic intestinal infections.
Using an AI-driven topology-constrained molecular generative model combined with structure-guided optimization, researchers discovered GZNL-2016, a novel quinoline-based papain-like protease inhibitor that demonstrates potent antiviral activity against drug-resistant SARS-CoV-2 variants and favorable pharmacokinetic properties in vivo.
By constructing a custom MIDAS pangenome database from over 18,000 vaginal genomes, researchers uncovered specific *Lactobacillus crispatus* accessory genes associated with cervical dysplasia, demonstrating the critical value of body site-specific reference resources for revealing intraspecies microbial variation in reproductive health.
Bovine H5N1 influenza viruses have acquired specific haemagglutinin mutations (D104G and V147M) that enable efficient binding to N-glycolylneuraminic acid receptors abundant in cattle, thereby enhancing viral fitness in dairy herds while maintaining replication capacity in human cells without significantly increasing immediate zoonotic risk.
This study characterizes novel ACE2 sequences from African *Rhinolophus* bats in Zambia, identifying specific amino acid residues that determine the susceptibility of these hosts to Afro-Eurasian sarbecoviruses and revealing distinct receptor usage patterns among different bat species.
This study identifies the methanol-specific methyltransferase complex (MTA) as the source of unusually large carbon and hydrogen kinetic isotope effects during methanol-based methanogenesis, demonstrating that these effects are consistent across different MTA isozymes and remain rate-limiting under environmental conditions, thereby providing a biochemical basis for using methane isotopic signatures to trace methanol-derived sources.
By integrating massively parallel reporter assays with comparative sequence analysis across diverse HIV isolates and cell types, this study constructs a comprehensive regulatory atlas that reveals extensive, non-consistently selected transcriptional variation driven by distinct transcription factor configurations and conserved intragenic elements, ultimately enabling accurate sequence-based prediction of viral transcriptional activity.
This geographically focused genomic study confirms a close phylogenetic link between antibiotic-resistant *E. coli* found in raw meat and commercial raw dog food and those causing human infections in Bristol, UK, supporting the need for stricter microbiological standards for raw pet food and improved risk communication.
This study reveals that a conserved in-frame opal stop codon in alphaviruses serves as a multipotent defense mechanism by facilitating proper polyprotein processing and viral spherule integrity, thereby enabling the virus to evade RNAi-mediated and other innate immune responses in both insect and vertebrate hosts.
This study utilizes deep mutational scanning to demonstrate that while structural robustness allows HIV-1 Vif to tolerate mutations at key binding interfaces, strain-specific and temporal epistasis ultimately shape its fitness landscape by dictating the evolutionary constraints on antagonizing host APOBEC3G.
This study redefines bacterial blotch in white button mushrooms as a multispecies disease complex driven by a diverse array of *Pseudomonas* species, including the previously unassociated *P. azotoformans*, thereby challenging the traditional single-pathogen paradigm and highlighting the urgent need for genomics-informed diagnostic strategies to ensure the sustainability of mushroom cultivation.
This study establishes the tobacco hornworm (*Manduca sexta*) as a sensitive and informative novel model for investigating *Pseudomonas aeruginosa* virulence, demonstrating that the insect exhibits dose-dependent mortality, growth impairment, and heterogeneous responses to infection driven by secreted bacterial products, while offering superior analytical capabilities compared to the commonly used wax moth.