228 papers
Neurology explores the intricate workings of the brain and nervous system, tackling everything from memory and movement to complex conditions like epilepsy and Alzheimer's. This field seeks to understand how our minds function and what happens when that delicate machinery falters, aiming to improve lives through better diagnosis and treatment.
At Gist.Science, we make the latest research from medRxiv accessible to everyone. We process every new preprint in this category, offering both straightforward plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries so you can grasp the science at your own pace. Below are the latest papers in neurology, ready for you to explore.
This study demonstrates that applying a machine learning classifier to wrist accelerometry data in the UK Biobank effectively identifies individuals with REM sleep behavior disorder who have a significantly elevated, dose-dependent risk of developing Parkinson's disease, offering a scalable and superior alternative to questionnaire-based screening for prodromal risk enrichment.
This study demonstrates that an interpretable, L1-regularized logistic regression model utilizing hemispheric asymmetry features from structural MRI can achieve statistically significant accuracy in detecting focal cortical dysplasia, offering a transparent and anatomically grounded alternative to complex deep learning approaches for presurgical epilepsy evaluation.
This paper presents the development and validation of a specialized Dravet Syndrome ontology, created through expert-guided expansion of an existing epilepsy framework, which serves as a durable infrastructure for data harmonization, knowledge representation, and AI-driven translational informatics in rare disease research.
This nationwide study establishes a baseline neurological exposome profile for a Roma movement-disorder screening cohort, revealing that marginalized participants and those with positive motor symptom screens face significantly greater environmental and socioeconomic disadvantages compared to their integrated and screen-negative counterparts.
This paper proposes and evaluates a multivariate mixed model that combines MRI whole brain atrophy with three clinical outcomes to enhance the resilience and statistical power of interim treatment response assessments in multi-arm multi-stage trials for progressive multiple sclerosis.
This community-based study in Lagos, Nigeria, reveals an age-standardized Parkinson's disease prevalence of 193 per 100,000 with significant male predominance and high diagnostic and treatment gaps, providing crucial contemporary data to inform health system planning in sub-Saharan Africa.
This prospective cohort study of older adults with mild traumatic brain injury reveals that while younger and cognitively unimpaired patients generally achieve favorable 6-month functional outcomes, those who are oldest-old or have pre-injury cognitive impairment face significantly higher risks of mortality and chronic disability, underscoring the need for age-stratified prognostication and inclusive clinical trial designs.
This prospective study of 195 acute ischemic stroke patients treated with rtPA demonstrates that plasma endothelial microvesicle levels, particularly at baseline and 24 hours post-treatment, serve as significant biomarkers for predicting both early and late futile recanalization.
This study demonstrates that genetic variants in lysosomal-related genes (TMEM175, SCARB2, and CTSB) significantly influence biomarker profiles, including cognitive function, enzyme activity, and sphingolipid levels, in Parkinson's disease patients, thereby providing a genetic and biochemical framework for patient stratification and therapeutic monitoring in future clinical trials.
This paper introduces SenseCheQ, a home-based autonomous quantitative sensory testing device featuring novel thermo-haptic integration that enables patients undergoing chemotherapy to self-monitor nerve function with high precision, demonstrating its ability to detect neuropathy changes and align with patient-reported outcomes.