228 papers
Neurology explores the intricate workings of the brain and nervous system, tackling everything from memory and movement to complex conditions like epilepsy and Alzheimer's. This field seeks to understand how our minds function and what happens when that delicate machinery falters, aiming to improve lives through better diagnosis and treatment.
At Gist.Science, we make the latest research from medRxiv accessible to everyone. We process every new preprint in this category, offering both straightforward plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries so you can grasp the science at your own pace. Below are the latest papers in neurology, ready for you to explore.
In a diverse cohort of Parkinson's disease patients, cognitive impairment was found to be highly prevalent (50.2%) and significantly associated with South Asian ethnicity, smoking, greater motor severity, and daytime somnolence.
In a densely connected stroke network, performing pre-transfer CTA significantly reduces futile interhospital transfers for endovascular thrombectomy by identifying preventable over-triage cases, though this strategy prolongs primary center processing times and does not fully address the high prevalence of "gray zone" cases driven by complex vascular pathologies.
This study introduces SPEAK-NORM, a novel normative speech modeling framework that utilizes a conditional variational autoencoder trained exclusively on healthy individuals to detect early ALS with 98% accuracy by quantifying deviations from normal motor-speech patterns, thereby overcoming the scalability and data limitations of traditional supervised disease-classification systems.
This study demonstrates that Gray Matter Morphological Networks, derived from routine structural MRI using MIND analysis, serve as a practical and harmonization-free biomarker for predicting six-month cognitive and clinical recovery in traumatic brain injury patients, with the strongest associations found in the dorsal attention and limbic networks.
This study of PPMI data indicates that Parkinson's disease patients with dual GBA1 and LRRK2 mutations exhibit alpha-synuclein seed amplification assay positivity rates and clinical phenotypes that align more closely with GBA1 carriers than with LRRK2 carriers, contradicting previous reports of an LRRK2-like milder phenotype.
This study demonstrates that while gait variability in REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) patients resembles healthy controls at baseline, increased dual-task gait costs specifically predict which RBD individuals will convert to Parkinson's disease or dementia within three years.
This longitudinal MRI study demonstrates that a single episode of status epilepticus causes measurable, progressive structural brain damage—particularly hippocampal atrophy and cortical thinning—that exceeds normal aging or underlying epilepsy, with the severity of injury being most strongly driven by seizure duration and independently amplified by convulsive semiology and impaired consciousness.
This proof-of-principle study demonstrates that continuous, cycle-by-cycle phase-locked transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the motor cortex, unlike single-pulse protocols, achieves precise real-time alignment with essential tremor oscillations to induce bidirectional, phase-dependent modulation of tremor amplitude, thereby establishing a scalable framework for personalized, non-invasive neuromodulation therapies.
This study demonstrates that serum troponin T and neurofilament light chain serve as complementary biomarkers in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, with troponin T robustly reflecting disease accumulation across all phases while neurofilament light chain specifically indicates disease aggressiveness, thereby supporting an integrated approach for improved patient stratification and clinical trial design.
This study demonstrates that the alpha-synuclein seed amplification assay effectively distinguishes LRRK2 p.Gly2019Ser variant carriers with Parkinson's disease from unaffected carriers and reveals a significant association between increased mitochondrial genetic burden and alpha-synuclein seeding.