228 papers
Neurology explores the intricate workings of the brain and nervous system, tackling everything from memory and movement to complex conditions like epilepsy and Alzheimer's. This field seeks to understand how our minds function and what happens when that delicate machinery falters, aiming to improve lives through better diagnosis and treatment.
At Gist.Science, we make the latest research from medRxiv accessible to everyone. We process every new preprint in this category, offering both straightforward plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries so you can grasp the science at your own pace. Below are the latest papers in neurology, ready for you to explore.
This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesizes human evidence to suggest that gut microbiome dysbiosis, characterized by reduced alpha diversity and specific microbial taxa alterations, is associated with intracranial aneurysm rupture and vascular inflammation, though further prospective research is needed to establish causality and clinical utility.
This study analyzed rare variants in 44 dystonia-related genes across large Parkinson's disease cohorts and concluded that while no significant association was found for overall PD risk, exploratory signals in early-onset PD were driven by small variant counts and require further replication.
This study demonstrates that beyond traditional motor symptoms, the predictability of OFF episodes is the most significant factor explaining the functional impact of OFF time in Parkinson's disease, suggesting that assessing this temporal feature could improve therapeutic tailoring.
This nationwide descriptive study of 7,856 Japanese patients with Wernicke encephalopathy from 2010 to 2023 reveals a significant shift toward high-dose thiamine treatment over time, yet highlights that despite early intervention and low in-hospital mortality, a substantial proportion of patients still experience functional impairment at discharge, underscoring the need for further research on optimal dosing and prevention.
This study demonstrates that serial cerebrospinal fluid alpha-synuclein seed amplification assay results exhibit high intra-individual consistency over time across Parkinson's disease, prodromal, and healthy control participants in the Parkinson's Progression Marker Initiative.
This study identifies specific structural and functional connectomic signatures—characterized by enhanced connectivity to motor/sensory cortices and a precise lesion location at the VIM-VO-VC interface—that predict durable tremor control in Parkinson's disease patients undergoing MRgFUS thalamotomy, thereby supporting the development of network-guided targeting strategies.
This study demonstrates that intraindividual cognitive variability, specifically measured by the coefficient of variation, serves as a sensitive marker that distinguishes prodromal neuronal synuclein disease from healthy controls and independently predicts short-term progression to more advanced stages.
This resting-state fMRI study reveals that migraine patients, particularly those with chronic migraine, exhibit widespread reductions in brain entropy reflecting impaired neural adaptability, which are associated with greater clinical burden but show partial restoration during attacks through weakly chaotic dynamics in multisensory integration regions.
This paper introduces DBSgram, a multimodal framework that integrates subthalamic nucleus local field potentials and wearable kinematic data to enable objective, data-driven Deep Brain Stimulation programming for Parkinson's disease by visualizing the relationship between stimulation parameters, neural activity, and motor symptom improvement.
This study demonstrates that longitudinal analysis of urinary astrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles can non-invasively track real-time dynamics of brain GluN1 receptor concentrations in anti-NMDAR encephalitis, revealing both a treatment-associated decline and drug-induced oscillations that mirror cerebrospinal fluid changes.