228 papers
Neurology explores the intricate workings of the brain and nervous system, tackling everything from memory and movement to complex conditions like epilepsy and Alzheimer's. This field seeks to understand how our minds function and what happens when that delicate machinery falters, aiming to improve lives through better diagnosis and treatment.
At Gist.Science, we make the latest research from medRxiv accessible to everyone. We process every new preprint in this category, offering both straightforward plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries so you can grasp the science at your own pace. Below are the latest papers in neurology, ready for you to explore.
This study utilized a longitudinal cohort of autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease mutation carriers to identify a sequential cascade of nine plasma protein biomarkers that diverge from non-carriers between 26 and 6 years prior to expected symptom onset, offering a refined framework for staging presymptomatic disease and optimizing clinical trial design.
This study demonstrates a causal modeling approach that translates short-term changes in Parkinson's disease rating scales into long-term predictions of clinically meaningful outcomes, showing that a 30% reduction in disease progression could significantly lower the 10-year risk of dementia, falls, and mortality.
This study suggests that bilingualism may support cognitive reserve in both amnestic Alzheimer's disease and logopenic variant primary progressive aphasia, allowing bilinguals to maintain comparable cognitive performance to monolinguals despite exhibiting reduced gray matter volume in specific regions, with bilinguals in the logopenic variant additionally showing preserved volume in disease-epicenter areas.
This bibliometric analysis of 403 publications from the past two decades reveals that neuroendoscopy for intracranial hemorrhage has evolved from a focus on operative feasibility and safety to a precision-based, minimally invasive cornerstone of treatment, driven primarily by Chinese and American research and increasingly integrated with emerging technologies like augmented reality and robotics.
The Global Parkinson's Genetics Program (GP2) identifies a significant global population of 9,019 potentially trial-eligible carriers of pathogenic *GBA1* and *LRRK2* variants among 65,509 Parkinson's disease patients, highlighting a critical disparity between these genetic carriers and the availability of gene-targeted clinical trials while advocating for a unified framework to enable equitable precision medicine recruitment.
By applying computational modeling to intracranial EEG data, this study reveals that distinct, preconfigured excitation-inhibition dynamics underlie clinically defined seizure onset patterns, offering a mechanism-informed classification that correlates with patient characteristics and surgical outcomes.
Despite employing rigorous machine learning methods on a large cohort of chronic subdural hematoma patients, this study concludes that routinely available clinical and radiographic variables lack sufficient predictive power to enable clinically actionable risk stratification for surgical recurrence, thereby supporting the maintenance of uniform or symptom-driven surveillance protocols rather than risk-based approaches.
This study utilizes fNIRS to demonstrate that the functional maturation of the infant prefrontal cortex (ages 1–8 months) is characterized by state-dependent developmental tuning of network fluctuation dynamics, where auditory stimulation and age differentially modulate the intensity and frequency distribution of functional connectivity fluctuations during sleep and stimulation.
This study demonstrates that visual quality of life in Parkinson's disease is strongly predicted by objective measures of convergence insufficiency and oculomotor instability, which correlate significantly with patient-reported symptoms and are best captured through a combination of clinical exams and eye tracking.
In a cross-sectional study of older African Americans without dementia, higher plasmalogen biosynthesis values were suggestively associated with better global cognitive function and lower levels of white matter hyperintensities, though these findings require validation in larger, longitudinal cohorts.