🧠 Category

neurology

228 papers

Neurology explores the intricate workings of the brain and nervous system, tackling everything from memory and movement to complex conditions like epilepsy and Alzheimer's. This field seeks to understand how our minds function and what happens when that delicate machinery falters, aiming to improve lives through better diagnosis and treatment.

At Gist.Science, we make the latest research from medRxiv accessible to everyone. We process every new preprint in this category, offering both straightforward plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries so you can grasp the science at your own pace. Below are the latest papers in neurology, ready for you to explore.

🧠 neurology

Exploring Potential Minocycline-ARH3 Interactions in ADPRHL2-Associated CONDSIAS: A Translational Clinical and Computational Study

This translational study integrates clinical observation of a child with CONDSIAS carrying a homozygous p.Thr79Pro ADPRHL2 variant with computational structural analyses to provide preliminary evidence that Minocycline may interact with and influence the conformational stability of ARH3, offering a biologically plausible framework for future therapeutic investigations.

Barazandeh Shirvan, B., Nejabat, M., Hadizadeh, F., Ashrafzadeh, F., Ahangari, N., Tavassoli, A., Houlden, H., Biglari (…)2026-08-06
🧠 neurology

Integrating the cognitive sequelae after temporal lobe surgery into daily life: a mixed methods approach to the consequences of average to severe memory decline

This mixed-methods study reveals that while average memory decline following temporal lobe epilepsy surgery is generally manageable and integrated into daily life, severe memory decline significantly disrupts identity and autonomy, highlighting an urgent need for improved preoperative counseling and postoperative rehabilitation to better support patient adaptation.

Taube, J., Middendorf, D., Taube, G., Francke, E., Reinecke, C., Helmstaedter, L., Borger, V., Racz, A., Surges, R., Hel (…)2026-08-05
🧠 neurology

Multivariate blood biomarkers capture resilience and resistance phenotypes across the Alzheimers disease spectrum

This study introduces a scalable multivariate blood-based framework that successfully identifies molecularly distinct resilient and resistant subgroups across the Alzheimer's disease spectrum, offering a new approach for pathology-informed stratification and mechanistic investigation.

Mavromati, K., Dalby, C., Dibble, A. J., Leonenko, G., Birditt, K. R., Lamprou, S., Tvrda, L., Konstantinidis, I., Hughe (…)2026-08-05
🧠 neurology

Physiological Signatures Derived from Wrist Accelerometry Improve Detection of Isolated REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

This study demonstrates that a machine learning model analyzing 876 physiological features derived from multi-night wrist accelerometry can accurately detect isolated REM sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) with an AUC of 0.955, offering a scalable alternative to polysomnography for identifying prodromal synucleinopathy cohorts.

Brink-Kjaer, A., Abildgaard, J. N., Lorenzen, N. R., Mejia, G. R., Ryu, K. H., Marwaha, S., Mignot, E., Winer, J. R., Po (…)2026-08-05
🧠 neurology

Standardized Comparison of Clinical, Cognitive, Genetic, Neuroimaging, and Fluid Biomarkers for Predicting 24-Month Progression from Mild Cognitive Impairment to Alzheimer's Disease

In a standardized comparison of 2,430 MCI participants, cognitive assessments emerged as the most predictive individual modality for 24-month progression to Alzheimer's disease, outperforming genetic, imaging, and fluid biomarkers, while a multimodal model achieved the highest overall accuracy but with significantly reduced data availability.

Choe, S.2026-08-05
🧠 neurology

Prevalence, Hallmark-Based Mechanisms, and Risk Factors of Peripheral Diabetic Neuropathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis of 83,560 participants across 24 countries reveals a global diabetic peripheral neuropathy prevalence of 57.42%, identifies microvascular alteration as the sole significant mechanistic hallmark, and highlights peripheral vascular disease, male sex, and height as key risk factors while challenging the primacy of glycemic control in disease progression.

Datta, D., Saha, D., Ghosh, R., Baidya, A., Ganguli, B., Hui, S. P.2026-08-04
🧠 neurology

Abnormal visual-vestibular cerebro-cerebellar connectivity in persistent postural-perceptual dizziness

This study demonstrates that patients with persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD) exhibit distinct cerebro-cerebellar functional connectivity alterations, characterized by reduced visual-vestibular cortical coupling and increased connectivity between visual/multisensory areas and cerebellar regions involved in sensory prediction, which likely underlie the maladaptive multisensory integration and aberrant motion perception observed in the disorder.

Schewe, H., Storm, R., Keller, H., Frings, A., Herborn, P., Wrobel, V., Gerkensmeier, S., Helmchen, C., Sprenger, A.2026-08-03
🧠 neurology

Localising the epileptogenic zone from single-pulse electrical stimulation responses using cross-trial attention

This study demonstrates that an interleaved Hierarchical Attention Transformer (HAT) model, which explicitly captures cross-trial dependencies in single-pulse electrical stimulation responses without averaging, achieves superior concordance with the clinical seizure onset zone compared to traditional averaging methods while remaining robust to limited trial availability, though its association with postsurgical seizure freedom remains inconclusive.

Norris, J., van Blooijs, D., Chari, A., Cooray, G., Tisdall, M., Friston, K., Smith, S. D. W., Rosch, R.2026-07-31