🧠 Category

neurology

195 papers

Neurology explores the intricate workings of the brain and nervous system, tackling everything from memory and movement to complex conditions like epilepsy and Alzheimer's. This field seeks to understand how our minds function and what happens when that delicate machinery falters, aiming to improve lives through better diagnosis and treatment.

At Gist.Science, we make the latest research from medRxiv accessible to everyone. We process every new preprint in this category, offering both straightforward plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries so you can grasp the science at your own pace. Below are the latest papers in neurology, ready for you to explore.

🧠 neurology

Baseline neurological exposome characteristics in a nationwide community-based screening cohort for movement disorders in marginalized and integrated Roma populations

This nationwide study establishes a baseline neurological exposome profile for a Roma movement-disorder screening cohort, revealing that marginalized participants and those with positive motor symptom screens face significantly greater environmental and socioeconomic disadvantages compared to their integrated and screen-negative counterparts.

Fricova, D., Belak, A., Necpal, J., Ferenc, M., Giertlova, M., Krauz, M., Balko, R., Baranova, A., Buransky, M., Drencak (…)2026-07-02
🧠 neurology

Using MRI whole brain atrophy and clinically reported outcomes in combination to assess interim treatment response in multi-arm multi-stage trials in progressive multiple sclerosis

This paper proposes and evaluates a multivariate mixed model that combines MRI whole brain atrophy with three clinical outcomes to enhance the resilience and statistical power of interim treatment response assessments in multi-arm multi-stage trials for progressive multiple sclerosis.

Burnell, M., Nicholas, J., Burton, R., Chataway, J., Apap Mangion, S., Carpenter, J.2026-06-30
🧠 neurology

Prevalence of Parkinson's disease in Lagos, Southwestern Nigeria: a descriptive community-based study from the Transforming Parkinson's Care in Africa (TraPCAf) project.

This community-based study in Lagos, Nigeria, reveals an age-standardized Parkinson's disease prevalence of 193 per 100,000 with significant male predominance and high diagnostic and treatment gaps, providing crucial contemporary data to inform health system planning in sub-Saharan Africa.

Okubadejo, N. U., Ojo, O. O., Ogunyemi, A., Agabi, O. P., Oyeleye, A., Nwaokorie, F. O., Anyanwu, R., Ezuduemoih, D., Ib (…)2026-06-30
🧠 neurology

6-Month Recovery after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Older Adults: A TRACK-GERI Study

This prospective cohort study of older adults with mild traumatic brain injury reveals that while younger and cognitively unimpaired patients generally achieve favorable 6-month functional outcomes, those who are oldest-old or have pre-injury cognitive impairment face significantly higher risks of mortality and chronic disability, underscoring the need for age-stratified prognostication and inclusive clinical trial designs.

Rosen Lang, Y., Puccio, A., Yuh, E. L., Lombardi, D., Kuang, K., Diaz Nelson, M., Boscardin, W. J., Huie, J. R., Yaffe (…)2026-06-29
🧠 neurology

Endothelial Microvesicles: A Plasma Biomarker of Futile Recanalization Post Intravenous Thrombolysis in Patients with Stroke

This prospective study of 195 acute ischemic stroke patients treated with rtPA demonstrates that plasma endothelial microvesicle levels, particularly at baseline and 24 hours post-treatment, serve as significant biomarkers for predicting both early and late futile recanalization.

Zhang, H., Xu, X., Zhou, Z., Chen, Y., Liao, Z., Wu, J., Xian, J., Zhong, W., Ma, X.2026-06-29
🧠 neurology

Stratified cohorts for biomarker assessment and trial readiness: TMEM175, SCARB2 and CTSB in Parkinson's disease

This study demonstrates that genetic variants in lysosomal-related genes (TMEM175, SCARB2, and CTSB) significantly influence biomarker profiles, including cognitive function, enzyme activity, and sphingolipid levels, in Parkinson's disease patients, thereby providing a genetic and biochemical framework for patient stratification and therapeutic monitoring in future clinical trials.

Sun, W., Wurster, I., Roeben, B., Kemmner, R., Mielke, M., Zetterberg, H., Lerche, S., Hauser, A.-K., Schulte, C., Parch (…)2026-06-25
🧠 neurology

SenseCheQ: Home-based Nerve Function Self-Assessment using Autonomous Quantitative Sensory Testing

This paper introduces SenseCheQ, a home-based autonomous quantitative sensory testing device featuring novel thermo-haptic integration that enables patients undergoing chemotherapy to self-monitor nerve function with high precision, demonstrating its ability to detect neuropathy changes and align with patient-reported outcomes.

Gausden, J., Dujmovic, M., Dunham, J. P., Thakkar, B., Bennet, T., Burgess, C., Young, A., Whittaker, R. G., Robinson, T (…)2026-06-24
🧠 neurology

The Target ALS Global Natural History Study: Cross-platform proteomics to accelerate biofluid biomarker and drug target discovery in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

This study utilizes cross-platform proteomics to analyze cerebrospinal fluid and plasma from the Target ALS Global Natural History Study, identifying numerous differentially expressed proteins and validating the resource's potential to accelerate biomarker discovery and drug target identification in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Yasui, D., Weatherill, D., Dugom, L., Weiner, S., Gopalakrishnan, L., Tran, H., Oskarsson, B., Nagle, K., Miller, T., Gu (…)2026-06-23
🧠 neurology

Intra-arterial recombinant human TNK tissue-type plasminogen activator (rhTNK-tPA) thrombolysis for acute medium vessel occlusion (MeVO-TNK): Study rationale and design

The MeVO-TNK trial is a prospective, randomized, phase II study designed to preliminarily evaluate the efficacy and safety of intra-arterial tenecteplase plus standard medical therapy versus standard medical therapy alone for patients with acute medium vessel occlusion stroke, while exploring a stepwise dosing strategy to address current evidence gaps in this population.

Deng, G., Liu, C.-C., Wang, Y.-H., Ao, D.-H., Huang, H., Xie, Y., Zhang, Y., Kong, Q.-Q., Lan, L.-N., Li, P.-X., Qin, T. (…)2026-06-18
🧠 neurology

Epileptogenicity alters intrahippocampal ripple propagation

This study demonstrates that intrahippocampal ripple propagation is proportionally greater in less-irritative non-seizure onset zone tissue compared to epileptogenic regions, suggesting that ripple signals exist on a continuous physiological-to-pathological spectrum and that propagation metrics could serve as a novel tool for quantifying hippocampal epileptogenicity.

Chen, Y., Ye, H., Ye, L., Chen, C., Staba, R. J., Wang, S., Weiss, S. A.2026-06-16