1918 papers
This study demonstrates that chronic alcohol dependence induces reactive changes in central amygdala astrocytes, characterized by neuroimmune activation, downregulation of homeostatic functions, and cytoskeletal remodeling, thereby highlighting their critical role in the progression to Alcohol Use Disorder and potential as therapeutic targets.
This paper employs an information-theoretic approach based on the Hellinger distance to reveal that macaque cortical networks are organized into a nested hierarchy of communities, where a specific "Goldilocks" level of community description maximizes loop entropy and likely optimizes system-wide information processing.
This study demonstrates that combining spatial clustering with specific wiring probabilities in neural network models reveals how dense local groupings and long-range connections optimize small-world topology and modularity to enhance global information transmission while providing resilience against targeted perturbations.
This paper demonstrates that specific inhibitory spike-timing dependent plasticity (iSTDP) rules enable recurrent neural circuits to self-organize into functionally relevant connectivity motifs, such as lateral inhibition and Mexican-hat profiles, thereby achieving both activity stabilization and emergent computations like contextual modulation.
This study demonstrates that medial prefrontal cortex pyramidal neurons guide adaptive social decision-making in mice by dynamically encoding the relative value of competing options through selective inhibition during transitions toward preferred stimuli, a mechanism that is context-dependent and reversible by aversive conditioning.
The paper introduces NEuRT, a BERT-based transformer model pre-trained on the MICrONS dataset that leverages self-attention mechanisms to reconstruct neuronal activity and classify Alzheimer's disease models, offering a robust and explainable framework for analyzing complex brain dynamics with reduced reliance on labeled data.
The authors present a novel water-compartment cell culture lid paired with a custom incubator that eliminates evaporation-induced drift and condensation, enabling stable, uninterrupted 35-day longitudinal electrophysiological recordings of neuronal networks to study maturation, plasticity, and pharmacological responses.
Adolescent binge drinking in male mice, but not females, selectively depletes aspartoacylase-expressing mature oligodendrocytes in the anterior cingulate cortex and corpus callosum, leading to significant axonal hypomyelination and highlighting a sex-specific mechanism for alcohol-induced prefrontal white matter deficits.
By utilizing diffusion-based "visual anagrams" to isolate animacy from lower-level visual features across seven pre-registered experiments, this study demonstrates that the human visual system inherently represents animacy itself, which subsequently structures visual working memory and guides attention.
This study demonstrates that in a rodent model of cervical spinal cord injury, epidural electrical stimulation at the C4 segment restores hypoglossal motor output by engaging excitatory ascending spinal pathways and inhibitory peripheral feedback mechanisms, suggesting a promising therapeutic approach for treating post-injury swallowing dysfunction.
This study demonstrates that chronic intermittent ethanol vapor exposure in female rats escalates alcohol self-administration by upregulating IRF7 signaling in the anterior insular cortex, which disrupts the excitatory/inhibitory balance in projections to the nucleus accumbens and drives alcohol-related neuroadaptations.
This study demonstrates that while peripheral sensory restoration in carpal tunnel syndrome patients rapidly improves feedback-mediated grip force scaling, it does not alter feedforward anticipatory synergy adjustments, indicating that central motor planning circuits maintain predictive coordination independent of continuous peripheral sensory input.
This exploratory pilot study suggests that higher baseline heart rate variability is positively associated with an individual's susceptibility to experiencing ASMR and music-induced frisson, indicating that pre-existing autonomic flexibility may influence these sensory-affective responses.
This study identifies and validates a novel Neuritin1 cis-regulatory element that, when incorporated into AAV vectors, drives highly specific and injury-resilient gene expression in retinal ganglion cells, offering a superior platform for targeting these cells in the treatment of glaucoma and optic neuropathies.
This study presents a proof-of-concept for an AI-guided, biophysics-based nanobody design pipeline that successfully engineered single-domain antibodies to target the aggregation-prone VQIVYK motif of the intrinsically disordered tau protein, demonstrating robust binding to both synthetic tau and post-mortem Alzheimer's disease brain tissue.
This study reveals that while both morphine and methamphetamine disrupt microglial alternative splicing in the mouse dorsal striatum, morphine uniquely induces a persistent, abstinence-resistant splicing signature affecting critical neuroimmune pathways, whereas methamphetamine's effects are largely reversible.
This study demonstrates that while cerebellar grey matter volume does not predict functional resilience, specific cerebellar-dependent motor processes remain resilient to increasing task demands in healthy adults up to age 80, highlighting a task-specific motor reserve that is dissociated from general structural decline.
This longitudinal study in macaque monkeys demonstrates that the adolescent maturation of response inhibition and associated prefrontal neural activity is driven by the development of long-distance white matter tracts connecting the frontal lobe to other brain regions.
By integrating multimodal neuroimaging, computational modeling, and causal TMS perturbation, this study demonstrates that rhythmic alpha oscillations in the temporoparietal junction causally drive feedback-based social learning strategies during strategic negotiation.
Using a novel ROI-constrained Connectome-Based Predictive Modeling approach on 402 neonates, this study demonstrates that early sensory network connectivity patterns, particularly visual-auditory interactions, robustly predict 18-month cognitive, language, and motor outcomes while revealing distinct predictive features between term-born and preterm infants.