1519 papers
Neuroscience explores the intricate machinery of the brain and nervous system, seeking to understand how we think, feel, and move. From the microscopic dance of individual neurons to the complex networks that shape our memories and behaviors, this field peels back the layers of our biological selves to reveal the origins of consciousness and disease.
At Gist.Science, we bring these discoveries directly from bioRxiv, the leading preprint server for biological sciences, to a broader audience. We process every new neuroscience preprint as it is uploaded, transforming dense academic manuscripts into clear, plain-language explanations alongside detailed technical summaries. This ensures that both curious readers and specialists can stay current with the latest breakthroughs before they are formally published.
Below are the latest neuroscience papers we have processed from bioRxiv, offering fresh insights into the workings of the mind.
By integrating diffusion MRI tractography with intracranial electrical stimulation in 17 subjects, this study reveals that human white matter conduction is characterized by high variability and a predominance of slow connections with rare high-speed links, reflecting a heavily skewed distribution of axon diameters that shapes large-scale neural integration.
By combining 7T fMRI and intracranial sEEG, this study reveals that the human thalamus acts as a regulatory hub for theory of mind by coordinating default network computations through cross-frequency phase-amplitude coupling, despite lacking observable local activation during social cognition tasks.
This study identifies that impaired astrocyte-to-neuron cholesterol trafficking, driven by Mecp2 deficiency-induced defects in cholesterol biosynthesis and ApoE lipidation, causes synaptic dysfunction in Rett syndrome and can be rescued by cholesterol supplementation.
This study demonstrates that in the medial prefrontal cortex, durable chromatin remodeling during remote memory storage reprograms engram neurons to alter their transcriptional responses to future experiences, thereby reducing interference between different memories.
This study demonstrates that the direction of biphasic transcranial magnetic stimulation currents (AP-PA vs. PA-AP) differentially modulates cortical and cortico-spinal excitability in healthy subjects, revealing distinct effects on motor thresholds, EMG latencies, and specific EEG components.
This study utilizes multimodal imaging to demonstrate that *Escherichia coli* meningoencephalitis is a spatially organized host-pathogen process characterized by distinct bacterial aggregates, iron-acquisition conflicts, and antimicrobial peptide territories within the brain, all of which are reflected in the cerebrospinal fluid.
This study reveals that while theft recidivists, regardless of a kleptomania diagnosis, share heightened impulsivity linked to altered prefrontal cortical activity and negative affect, severe depression serves as a key distinguishing factor for those with kleptomania, highlighting the heterogeneous nature of theft recidivism.
This study reveals that the conserved RNA-binding protein Imp orchestrates developmental axonal remodeling in Drosophila by independently regulating elongation and branching through distinct post-transcriptional mechanisms, specifically stabilizing profilin mRNA for regrowth while employing a separate pathway for branching.
This study utilizes a progressive mouse model of Parkinson's disease to demonstrate that primary motor cortex dysfunction evolves over time through age- and dopamine-dependent synaptic adaptations driven by impaired GABAergic inhibition and excessive NMDA receptor activation, which can be prevented or rescued by L-DOPA treatment at early or late stages, respectively.
This study demonstrates that boldine, a natural alkaloid, directly inhibits SARM1 NADase activity by binding to both its catalytic and regulatory sites, thereby preserving axonal integrity following traumatic nerve injury.