1287 papers
Neuroscience explores the intricate machinery of the brain and nervous system, seeking to understand how we think, feel, and move. From the microscopic dance of individual neurons to the complex networks that shape our memories and behaviors, this field peels back the layers of our biological selves to reveal the origins of consciousness and disease.
At Gist.Science, we bring these discoveries directly from bioRxiv, the leading preprint server for biological sciences, to a broader audience. We process every new neuroscience preprint as it is uploaded, transforming dense academic manuscripts into clear, plain-language explanations alongside detailed technical summaries. This ensures that both curious readers and specialists can stay current with the latest breakthroughs before they are formally published.
Below are the latest neuroscience papers we have processed from bioRxiv, offering fresh insights into the workings of the mind.
This study demonstrates that inhibiting the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and right posterior parietal cortex via cTBS produces dissociable causal effects on automatic alcohol approach-avoidance tendencies, revealing distinct neural mechanisms for overriding prepotent urges versus regulating action selection in the presence of salient cues.
This study utilizes GC-MS-SIM and LC-MS to demonstrate that while myelin damage in a genetic mouse model causes a significant and irreversible loss of free cholesterol and a dramatic shift toward cholesterol esters in the spinal cord, these levels fail to recover during remyelination, indicating disrupted de novo synthesis pathways that hinder myelin repair.
This study reveals that PINK1 deficiency in human astrocytes causes mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammatory collapse, which non-cell-autonomously drives neuronal death, a process that can be reversed by pharmacologically enhancing autophagy.
Through four large-scale experiments, this study demonstrates that variations in autistic traits do not significantly impact self-bias or the use of social basis functions during social decision-making, challenging traditional assumptions about self-other integration deficits in autism.
This study demonstrates that while the modulation index (MI) effectively quantifies the strength of phase-amplitude coupling, it fails to encode temporal polarity, meaning it cannot distinguish between opposite temporal organizations of cross-frequency coupling and thus requires complementary phase-sensitive measures for mechanistic interpretations of temporal alignment.
This study demonstrates that auditory spatial attention in humans involves a coordinated interplay between neural alpha oscillations, which filter relevant and irrelevant stimuli, and active head rotations that reduce sensory uncertainty and improve task accuracy.
This study provides the first direct electrophysiological evidence from human intracranial recordings that the ventral tegmental area encodes reward-related signals consistent with reinforcement learning mechanisms, including the differentiation of rewarding outcomes and the representation of expected value during decision-making.
This study presents the first comprehensive, age- and sex-specific normative charts for cervical spinal cord morphometry across the human lifespan (0–100 years), derived from over 78,000 MRI scans using advanced deep learning and statistical modeling to establish a critical framework for distinguishing typical development and aging from pathological changes.
This cross-sectional experimental study demonstrates that movement-contingent pain does not significantly disrupt motor learning or alter the development of efficient attentional strategies compared to tonic pain or pain-free conditions, as all groups showed similar performance improvements and attentional shifts despite the presence of pain.
Using high-density recordings in macaque area MT, this study reveals that the computation of object motion relies on a modular, hierarchical neural circuit where spatially segregated pattern neurons integrate inputs from distinct component neurons to resolve motion direction.