🧠 Category

neuroscience

1795 papers

Neuroscience explores the intricate machinery of the brain and nervous system, seeking to understand how we think, feel, and move. From the microscopic dance of individual neurons to the complex networks that shape our memories and behaviors, this field peels back the layers of our biological selves to reveal the origins of consciousness and disease.

At Gist.Science, we bring these discoveries directly from bioRxiv, the leading preprint server for biological sciences, to a broader audience. We process every new neuroscience preprint as it is uploaded, transforming dense academic manuscripts into clear, plain-language explanations alongside detailed technical summaries. This ensures that both curious readers and specialists can stay current with the latest breakthroughs before they are formally published.

Below are the latest neuroscience papers we have processed from bioRxiv, offering fresh insights into the workings of the mind.

🧠 neuroscience

MALDI-TOF imaging mass spectrometry demonstrates sex- and age-dependent spatial changes in brain energy metabolism in response to amyloid stress using a mouse model of Alzheimers Disease

Using MALDI-TOF imaging mass spectrometry in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease, this study reveals that sex is a dominant factor driving age-dependent spatial shifts in brain energy metabolism and histone lactylation, with females exhibiting distinct metabolic phenotypes and a decoupling of lactate-driven epigenetic regulation near amyloid plaques that may contribute to differential disease vulnerability.

Grahovac-Nemeth, S., Jurcic, K., Courchesne, M., Nygard, K., Callahan, G., Frame, A. K., Khazaee, R., Wang, W., Ganeshal (…)2026-09-21
🧠 neuroscience

Exploring Healthy Neurocognitive Ageing with Deep Learning Interpretability Methods

This study utilizes deep learning interpretability methods on resting-state fMRI data from 615 adults to demonstrate that healthy neurocognitive ageing involves a redistribution of functional brain organization across a broad DMN-CON-SMN-FPN configuration, which is linked to cognitive performance and can be effectively predicted by machine learning models.

Senant, Q., Guichet, C., Grivel, N., Baciu, M., Mermillod, M.2026-09-21
🧠 neuroscience

Neural Fingerprinting based on Brain Network Dynamics: A Cross-Platform MEG Study

This study demonstrates that individual neural fingerprinting is achievable across both SQUID and OPM MEG platforms using static features and dynamic network states derived from a canonical hidden Markov model, thereby validating the utility of these dynamic approaches for cross-platform brain analysis.

Beer, A. Y., Gohil, C., Tanner, Z., Rier, L., Hill, R. M., Holmes, N., Ferring, D., Shah, V. M., Woolrich, M., Brookes (…)2026-09-21
🧠 neuroscience

Anticipated distractor processing relies on distinct representational states before and after distractor onset in visual working memory

This study demonstrates that while visual working memory utilizes anticipatory coding to specify upcoming irrelevant content, successful behavioral protection against distractors relies not on this pre-onset representation but on a subsequent post-onset reformatting that places the distractor into a temporally unstable state to minimize interference.

Wang, K., A. Seger, C., Chen, Q., Luo, C.2026-09-21
🧠 neuroscience

T2 relaxometry for myelin water fraction: an ex vivo brain imaging study

This ex vivo study validates the use of both TSE and GRASE sequences for myelin water fraction imaging in formaldehyde-fixed human brains, demonstrating strong agreement between the methods while highlighting systematic quantitative differences that necessitate cross-sequence calibration rather than direct interchangeability.

Sanches, L., Taghizadehsalehabad, N., Moqadam, R., Adame-Gonzalez, W., Alasmar, Z., Mirault, D., Piredda, G. F., Turecki (…)2026-09-21
🧠 neuroscience

Face ensembles reshape the neural other-race effect

This study demonstrates that while the neural other-race effect (ORE) manifests as a same-race advantage for individual faces, viewing faces in ensembles alters this dynamic by reducing cumulative decoding differences and revealing an early other-race advantage, indicating that the neural expression of the ORE is highly dependent on viewing context and representational measures.

Shoura, M., Jiang, H. N., Azeem, Z., Iancu, O., Sama, M. A., Cant, J. S., Nestor, A.2026-09-21
🧠 neuroscience

A bipolar disorder-associated ultra-rare AKAP11 protein-truncating variant attenuates stimulus-dependent PKA activation and induces anxiety- and depression-related behaviors in mice

This study establishes that a bipolar disorder-associated ultra-rare AKAP11 protein-truncating variant causes haploinsufficiency in mice, leading to attenuated stimulus-dependent PKA activation, impaired neuronal development, and anxiety- and depression-like behaviors, thereby elucidating a specific molecular mechanism for psychiatric disorder pathogenesis.

Luo, A. X., Deng, L., Li, Y., Zhang, X., Li, J., Zhu, X., Mao, X., Su, Y., Wu, B., Ross, C. A., Li, P. P.2026-09-21