1287 papers
Neuroscience explores the intricate machinery of the brain and nervous system, seeking to understand how we think, feel, and move. From the microscopic dance of individual neurons to the complex networks that shape our memories and behaviors, this field peels back the layers of our biological selves to reveal the origins of consciousness and disease.
At Gist.Science, we bring these discoveries directly from bioRxiv, the leading preprint server for biological sciences, to a broader audience. We process every new neuroscience preprint as it is uploaded, transforming dense academic manuscripts into clear, plain-language explanations alongside detailed technical summaries. This ensures that both curious readers and specialists can stay current with the latest breakthroughs before they are formally published.
Below are the latest neuroscience papers we have processed from bioRxiv, offering fresh insights into the workings of the mind.
Using magnetoencephalography, this study demonstrates that synchronized -band neural activity between the prefrontal and visual cortices coordinates the maintenance of visuospatial working memory, linking prefrontal control to sensory representations and predicting memory accuracy.
Using mouse hippocampal slices, this study demonstrates that the direction of synaptic plasticity is determined by the temporal derivative of neural activity over a theta cycle, where increasing activity induces long-term potentiation and decreasing activity induces long-term depression, while stable activity levels result in no net change.
This study challenges the prevailing view of U-fibers as ubiquitous, uniform connectors between adjacent gyri by demonstrating through macaque tract tracing that short association fibers exhibit diverse, sulcus-dependent organizational patterns and that the superficial white matter comprises multiple distinct fiber classes rather than a single canonical system.
This paper proposes a joint modeling framework that links non-decision time to external EEG measurements to resolve parameter estimation unreliability in time-dependent threshold diffusion models, thereby enabling robust inference of individual differences in decision dynamics.
This study demonstrates that Drosophila orthologues of human oculocutaneous albinism-associated genes (specifically OCA2 and SLC45A2) are evolutionarily conserved regulators of sleep and circadian rhythms, functioning through the modulation of visual neurotransmission.
This study demonstrates that while the primary motor cortex and hippocampus employ distinct population dynamics and architectural constraints to achieve volitional learning, they converge on equivalent behavioral outcomes through a principled degeneracy where local network structures shape divergent implementations of the same associative learning problem.
By integrating single-cell spatial transcriptomics with snRNA-seq, this study systematically maps the cellular heterogeneity and spatial organization of the mouse amygdala, revealing that developmental origins dictate subnuclear positioning and establishing a novel functional modular architecture to advance the understanding of amygdala-related neuropsychiatric disorders.
This study demonstrates that during flexible decision-making, human latent-state inference coordinates with selective attention and a systematic reorganization of neural representational geometry to prioritize behaviorally relevant information and support adaptive behavior.
This study reveals that descending pain-control circuits in the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) exhibit structured multi-timescale dynamics, characterized by rapid, stimulus-driven responses and slower, statistically predictable fluctuations that coordinate defensive reactions with ongoing physiological states.
This study demonstrates that wearable on-scalp OPM-MEG and conventional cryogenic SQUID-MEG yield measurement-equivalent results for auditory and somatosensory cortical mapping across development, recovering the same cortical generators and supporting equivalent biological interpretations despite predictable, geometry-dependent spatial offsets.