🔬 Category

pathology

39 papers

Pathology is the study of how diseases change the body, uncovering the hidden causes of illness and how they progress. From examining tissue samples to understanding molecular shifts, this field bridges the gap between basic science and patient care, offering crucial insights into everything from infections to cancer.

On Gist.Science, we track every new preprint in this vital area as it appears on bioRxiv and medRxiv. Our team processes these fresh findings to provide both clear, plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries, ensuring that complex discoveries are accessible to everyone. Below are the latest pathology papers we have summarized from these leading servers.

🔬 pathology

Shifts in the pathogen spectrum and epidemiology of respiratory tract infections in the post-COVID-19 era: A study from Quzhou, Eastern China

This study of 2,800 respiratory specimens in Quzhou, China, from late 2023 to mid-2024 reveals that influenza virus, *Streptococcus pneumoniae*, and adenovirus are the dominant pathogens causing acute respiratory infections, with infection rates varying significantly by age, season, and region, thereby highlighting the need for continuous multi-pathogen surveillance and integrated prevention strategies in the post-pandemic era.

Yang, R., Wang, M., Lyu, L., You, J., Huang, S., Zhan, B.2026-03-24
🔬 pathology

Cancer Stem Cell-Associated Marker Expression in Chemotherapy-Treated Wilms Tumour

This study demonstrates that chemotherapy-treated Wilms tumours retain distinct spatial gradients of progenitor and cancer stem cell-associated markers within viable blastemal foci, suggesting the persistence of a therapy-resistant stem cell niche that may drive tumour relapse.

Mousavinejad, M., Howell, L., Murray, P., Cheesman, E., Pizer, B., Losty, P. D., Annavarapu, S., Shukla, R., Wilm, B.2026-03-23
🔬 pathology

Cross-Modal Training Using Xenium Spatial Transcriptomics Enables DINO-DETR Based Detection of Vascular Niches in H&E Whole-Slide Images

This study demonstrates that cross-modal training using Xenium spatial transcriptomics data enables a DINO-DETR deep learning model to accurately detect and quantify vascular niches in routine H&E whole-slide images, revealing that high AI-derived vascular cell proportions serve as an independent prognostic indicator for worse survival in astrocytoma patients.

S, P., Alugam, R., Gupta, S., Shah, N., Uppin, M. S.2026-03-19
🔬 pathology

Sex-Specific Vulnerability to Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation-Induced Reproductive and Neurological Impairment in Mice

This study reveals that four-week exposure to 3.2 GHz pulsed electromagnetic radiation induces sex-specific pathological pathways in mice, causing severe reproductive impairment in males and neurobehavioral deficits in females, supported by distinct circulating protein biomarkers for each sex.

Zhu, K., Li, F., Liu, Z., Guo, J., Yang, X., Li, C., Shen, J., Wang, L., Yan, H.2026-03-10
🔬 pathology

Functional Network Analysis of Fungal Pathogen Colletotrichum sublineola Effectors in Sorghum Anthracnose

This study employs comparative genomics and functional network analysis to identify and characterize *Colletotrichum sublineola* effectors lacking conserved domains, mapping their interactions within key plant immune subsystems to elucidate the mechanisms of sorghum anthracnose pathogenicity.

Lerma-Ortiz, C., Edirisinghe, J. N., Nandi, P., Magill, C. W., Ramos-Melendez, D., Liu, Q., Henry, C. S.2026-03-10
🔬 pathology

Deep Learning-based Differentiation of Drug-induced Liver Injury and Autoimmune Hepatitis: A Pathological and Computational Approach

This study integrates pathology expertise with deep learning to address the diagnostic challenges of distinguishing drug-induced liver injury from autoimmune hepatitis using histopathological images, achieving a classification accuracy of 74% and an AUC of 0.81 while outlining future directions for improvement.

Shimizu, A., Imamura, K., Yoshimura, K., Atsushi, T., Sato, M., Harada, K.2026-03-06
🔬 pathology

Identifying Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms Intersecting Alzheimer Disease Pathology and End-of-Life Traits Using Genomic Informational Field Theory (GIFT)

This study demonstrates that Genomic Informational Field Theory (GIFT), by preserving the fine-grained informational structure of phenotypic data, successfully recapitulates established Alzheimer's disease genetic associations while uncovering novel loci related to neuropathology and aging that traditional average-based GWAS approaches failed to detect.

Heysmond, S., Kyratzi, P., Wattis, J., Paldi, A., Brookes, K., Kreft, K. L., Shao, B., Rauch, C.2026-03-06
🔬 pathology

Transforming Histology into Virtual Multiplex Immunofluorescence to Decode Prognostic Spatial Immunity in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

The study introduces HCCExplorer, a deep learning framework that converts routine H&E slides into virtual multiplex immunofluorescence to decode spatial immune interactions in hepatocellular carcinoma, achieving superior prognostic stratification and identifying novel protective immune niches that outperform existing clinical and computational models.

Cai, L., Jiang, S., Liang, J., Liu, F., Zhang, B., Reitsam, N. G., Zeng, Q., Ma, Y., Li, Z., Feng, S., Hu, M., Zhang, X. (…)2026-02-26