56 papers
Pediatrics is the medical field dedicated to the health and development of infants, children, and adolescents, covering everything from early growth milestones to complex chronic conditions. Because young bodies and developing immune systems respond differently to treatments than adults do, this area requires specialized research to ensure safe and effective care for our youngest patients.
At Gist.Science, we make these critical studies accessible by processing every new preprint in this category directly from medRxiv. For each study, we provide both a plain-language summary for general readers and a detailed technical breakdown for experts, bridging the gap between raw data and public understanding. Below are the latest papers in pediatrics, freshly summarized from the medRxiv server.
This study estimates the Minimal Clinically Important Difference (MCID) for the Childhood Autism Rating Scale Second Edition (CARS2) in children with autism spectrum disorder to be approximately 2.6 points, derived by correlating changes in CARS2 scores with the Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC) as an external anchor.
The SwissPedGrowth Project demonstrated that electronic health records from seven Swiss children's hospitals, encompassing over 200,000 children, can effectively generate growth centile curves that align well with the current Swiss 2026 references, validating hospital data as a viable resource for future paediatric growth standards.
This paper presents ALFIE, an anatomy-aware deep learning framework that enhances neonatal 64mT T2-weighted MRI to enable accurate automated tissue segmentation and volumetric analysis while preserving native ultra-low-field contrast.
The FROG feasibility trial demonstrated that a definitive randomised controlled trial comparing non-invasive clean catch urine with invasive transurethral catheterisation for children under 18 months is feasible, provided it excludes suprapubic aspiration and prioritizes diagnostic accuracy alongside collection success, time, and patient distress.
This study utilized individualized electric field modeling to reveal that a standard M1-targeted tDCS montage in children with cerebral palsy preferentially stimulates the dorsal premotor cortex rather than the primary motor cortex, yet variations in electric field strength do not account for differences in functional outcomes.
This study developed and externally validated the School-age Asthma Prognosis Score (SAPS), a simple, history-based clinical tool that effectively predicts asthma remission in school-aged children using eight key variables, thereby enabling clinicians to identify patients with lower chances of remission for closer monitoring.
This study demonstrates that neonatal unit admission, regardless of whether it occurs in preterm or term infants, is a significant independent risk factor for poorer educational attainment and an increased likelihood of special educational needs in children aged 5 to 11 years.
The BLOOM randomized controlled trial found that short-term administration of brewers' yeast or beta-glucan did not significantly increase daily breast milk volume in mothers following preterm birth compared to placebo, though the small sample size warrants further research to rule out potential clinical benefits.
This systematic review and meta-analysis of 21,731 children reveals that structural heart disease is associated with a significantly elevated pooled prevalence of epilepsy (3.0%) compared to the general pediatric population, with risk further heightened by complex lesions and surgical interventions.
This paper presents a large-scale, multimodal clinical dataset of over 3,685 adopted and foster care children from the University of Minnesota, integrating electronic medical records with manually curated data on early adversity, placement history, and prenatal exposures to facilitate research into their impacts on pediatric health and development.