37 papers
This retrospective study of 69 preterm infants in Northern Brazil reveals that exclusive breastfeeding rates remain below recommended levels with a mean duration of 3.84 months, underscoring the critical need for strengthened antenatal guidance and multiprofessional support to improve outcomes in this vulnerable population.
This cohort study of over 12,000 child deaths in England between 2019 and 2023 reveals that children from Black and Asian backgrounds face significantly higher mortality rates than White children, a disparity that persists even after adjusting for deprivation and other factors, highlighting the urgent need for targeted interventions to address these ethnic inequalities.
This study demonstrates that predictive models using electronic health record data, specifically incorporating age, prior antibiotic prescriptions, and gastroesophageal reflux disease diagnosis at the first acute otitis media episode, can effectively identify children at risk for recurrent acute otitis media to facilitate early specialist intervention.
This study demonstrates that an integrated longitudinal proteomic and lipidomic analysis of plasma extracellular vesicles from very preterm infants, derived from minimal sample volumes, reveals coordinated molecular trajectories linked to developmental adaptation and clinical outcomes such as brain injury.
This study introduces the Skin Residual Bilirubin Volume (SRBV) framework to explain and resolve discrepancies between transcutaneous and serum bilirubin measurements in neonates, thereby enhancing the reliability of non-invasive jaundice monitoring during phototherapy and recovery.
In a cohort of 1,782 mother-infant dyads, prenatal cannabis exposure was found to be associated with timing- and frequency-dependent alterations in neonatal brain volume and white matter microstructure during the first month of life, highlighting the critical need to consider when and how much cannabis is used during pregnancy for early developmental monitoring.
This cross-sectional meta-analysis of 175 children with traumatic injuries reveals that child abuse, compared to accidental injuries, is associated with distinct DNA methylation changes at 11 genomic sites involved in neural function, immune regulation, and connective tissue development, suggesting early abuse induces both immediate injury responses and long-term systemic biological dysregulation.
This paper outlines a clinical feasibility study proposing a passive visual mirror exposure paradigm, utilizing non-interactive large screens or virtual reality to assess the ethical acceptability, tolerability, and physiological reliability of visual interventions in children with cerebral visual impairment and an atelic profile who lack observable behavioral responses.
This study leverages UF Health electronic health records to demonstrate that an interpretable XGBoost model, integrating clinical notes and medication data, effectively predicts pediatric asthma exacerbations over 6-, 12-, and 24-month horizons, offering a promising framework for risk stratification and clinical decision support.
This study successfully translated and analytically validated an indirect multi-ELISA assay for detecting eight specific maternal autoantibodies associated with Maternal Autoantibody-Related Autism (MARA), demonstrating that the optimized tests meet rigorous standards of sensitivity, specificity, and precision for future clinical application.
This retrospective cohort study of 270 severely ill children reveals that receiving a genetic diagnosis via whole genome sequencing is associated with significantly higher long-term healthcare utilization, including increased hospitalizations and targeted prescriptions, as it facilitates the integration of specialized, condition-specific care rather than immediately reducing costs.
This study demonstrates that cumulative adverse childhood experience (ACE) scores conceal substantial heterogeneity in specific exposure patterns within standard risk categories, a complexity that can be effectively quantified and visualized using combinatorial coverage metrics and UpSet plots to enable more precise, pattern-specific risk analyses.
This retrospective study of 59 pediatric poisoning cases at an Algiers hospital reveals that accidental ingestions of medications and caustic agents are the primary causes of emergency admissions, with caustic ingestions leading to the most severe outcomes and prolonged hospitalizations, thereby underscoring the urgent need for improved household safety measures and caregiver education in Algeria.
This retrospective study of 62 pediatric and young adult patients with long COVID describes real-world prescribing patterns for low-dose naltrexone, revealing it was primarily used for those with severe fatigue and neurocognitive symptoms, was generally well-tolerated, and underscores the need for controlled clinical trials to establish its efficacy.
This cross-sectional study reveals that physicians in the United States require a significantly higher survival probability (5.3%) to recommend withholding resuscitation for pediatric in-hospital cardiac arrest patients compared to parents (1.2%), highlighting a critical gap in decision-making thresholds that has important implications for clinical counseling.
In a study of 138 children with sickle cell disease and confirmed asthma in French Guiana, researchers found that over one-third experienced severe clinical forms, but no specific factors were independently associated with severity, suggesting that environmental and contextual factors rather than allergic sensitization may drive disease outcomes in tropical settings.
This study challenges current guidelines mandating the immediate disposal of leftover infant milk by demonstrating through a survey and microbiological analysis that bacterial growth in both human milk and formula remains stable and safe for reoffering for up to 8 hours after feeding, regardless of whether the milk is stored at room temperature or refrigerated.