👶 Category

pediatrics

56 papers

Pediatrics is the medical field dedicated to the health and development of infants, children, and adolescents, covering everything from early growth milestones to complex chronic conditions. Because young bodies and developing immune systems respond differently to treatments than adults do, this area requires specialized research to ensure safe and effective care for our youngest patients.

At Gist.Science, we make these critical studies accessible by processing every new preprint in this category directly from medRxiv. For each study, we provide both a plain-language summary for general readers and a detailed technical breakdown for experts, bridging the gap between raw data and public understanding. Below are the latest papers in pediatrics, freshly summarized from the medRxiv server.

👶 pediatrics

Mental Health Outcomes of Foster and Adopted Individuals with Adverse Childhood Experiences: A Validation of Known Risks Using EHR Data

This study utilizes electronic health record data from foster and adopted youth to validate that adverse childhood experiences, particularly abuse and violence, follow a threshold and cumulative risk pattern that significantly increases the likelihood of anxiety, mood, and behavioral disorders, underscoring the need for tailored assessment and intervention strategies for these high-risk populations.

Randolph, A., Dastin-Van Rijm, E., Anderson, S., Caola, L., Kummerfeld, E., Sullivan, C., Simpson, S., Kallar, A., Baner (…)2026-06-16
👶 pediatrics

Spatially resolved T cell receptor tracking reveals γδT cell localization to tumor-rich regions in high-risk neuroblastoma: A Report from the Children's Oncology Group

This study utilizes spatial transcriptomics and TCR sequencing to demonstrate that while most T cells co-localize in immune-rich regions of high-risk neuroblastoma, γδT cells uniquely distribute throughout tumor-rich areas and exhibit location-dependent transcriptional states, highlighting their distinct role in tumor-immune interactions.

Jiang, Y., Yu, W., Wang, Y., Thadi, A., Pedersen, S., Eagles, J., Naranjo, A., Collins, N., DuBois, S. G., Bagatell, R. (…)2026-06-12
👶 pediatrics

Cost-Effectiveness of the IMPALA Monitoring System for Hospitalised Children in Low-Resource Settings: A Pragmatic Before-and-After Study

This pragmatic before-and-after study in Malawi demonstrates that the IMPALA continuous monitoring system is highly cost-effective for hospitalized children in low-resource settings, significantly reducing mortality, critical illness events, and disability-adjusted life years while lowering overall costs in both general wards and high-dependency units.

Jornada Ben, A., Mwale, D., Jansen, P., Mtambo, O., Versteegde, N., Geubbels, E., Calis, J., Chikwana, J., Study Team, I (…)2026-06-09
👶 pediatrics

Adult-Learning Newborn Medicine Curriculum Improves Knowledge in a Low-Resource Neonatal Unit in Sierra Leone

A study in Sierra Leone demonstrates that a US-led, two-phase flipped classroom neonatal curriculum significantly improved healthcare providers' medical knowledge and was highly regarded, suggesting its potential to enhance neonatal care in low-resource settings.

Mvula, M., Amin, A., Patil, M. S., Valentine, G., Mukarwego, B., Wagner, S., Dumbuya, I., Lou, L., Sanni, U., Hansen, A.2026-06-04
👶 pediatrics

Neonatal EEG network activity associates with 2-year neurodevelopment after perinatal asphyxia

This study demonstrates that computational metrics derived from neonatal EEG, including local amplitudes, phase-amplitude coupling, and large-scale functional network connectivity, are significantly associated with neurodevelopmental outcomes at two years of age in infants who experienced perinatal asphyxia.

Syvalahti, T., Tokariev, M., Nevalainen, P., Tuiskula, A., Metsaranta, M., Haataja, L., Vanhatalo, S., Tokariev, A.2026-05-27
👶 pediatrics

Incidence and clinical predictors of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) failure among preterm neonates: a prospective clinical research study protocol.

This prospective clinical research protocol outlines a longitudinal cohort study to be conducted in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, from March to August 2026, aiming to estimate the incidence and identify clinical predictors of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) failure among preterm neonates using Silverman-Anderson scoring and multivariable linear modeling.

Sisa, R. G., Kalabamu, F. S. M., Fataki, M. R., Daud, N. A., Sangey, A. I., Leshabari, K. M.2026-05-22
👶 pediatrics

Top 50 Cited Articles on Pediatric Respiratory Infections: A Web of Science Bibliometric Analysis

This bibliometric analysis of the top 50 most-cited articles on pediatric respiratory infections reveals that while the field has evolved with a focus on clinical outcomes and viral diagnostics, it remains unbalanced by a heavy reliance on observational studies from high-income countries and a lack of randomized trials, systematic reviews, and research from low- and middle-income nations.

Albakri, S. A., Almasoudi, G. S., Albakri, D. A., Aljariry, J. F., Aljohny, L. B., Rizg, L. N., Alzahrani, L. M., Albadi (…)2026-05-21
👶 pediatrics

Risk of apnoea-related cardiorespiratory instability in preterm infants is modulated by clinical, demographic and dynamic indicators

This study demonstrates that cardiorespiratory instability in preterm infants following apnoea is highly variable and influenced by a combination of clinical, demographic, and dynamic factors, which can be effectively leveraged by machine learning models to predict instability risk and potentially enable personalized apnoea management.

Chen, Y., Ketheeswaranathan, V., Fordington, S., Baxter, L., Stevens, F., Zandvoort, C. S., Gawthorpe, R., Villarroel, M (…)2026-05-17
👶 pediatrics

Cohort profile: The Australian Children of the Digital Age (ACODA) longitudinal cohort study measuring the digital lives of Australians during early childhood

The ACODA study is the first longitudinal cohort to document the digital lives of Australian children aged 6 months to 5 years, revealing that nearly all participants have home internet access and frequently use devices like televisions and tablets for entertainment and learning, often alongside caregivers.

MacKenzie, J., Johnson, D., Sarra, G., Matthews, J. R., Martinez-Buelvas, L., Trenaman, D., Sefton-Green, J., Howard, S. (…)2026-05-13
👶 pediatrics

Evaluating the impact of a community-engagement intervention on the uptake of childhood vaccines in England: A synthetic control analysis

This quasi-experimental study using synthetic control analysis found that the Health Equity Liverpool Project's community-engagement intervention produced modest, short-term increases in rotavirus and 6-in-1 vaccine uptake but failed to significantly improve MMR or pneumococcal vaccine coverage or sustain long-term benefits without broader systemic integration.

Amin, M. S., Zhang, X., Green, M. A., Holford, D., Hemingway, C., Ismail, A., Essale, N., Doyle, V., Taegtmeyer, M., Hun (…)2026-05-04