29 papers
Pediatrics is the medical field dedicated to the health and development of infants, children, and adolescents, covering everything from early growth milestones to complex chronic conditions. Because young bodies and developing immune systems respond differently to treatments than adults do, this area requires specialized research to ensure safe and effective care for our youngest patients.
At Gist.Science, we make these critical studies accessible by processing every new preprint in this category directly from medRxiv. For each study, we provide both a plain-language summary for general readers and a detailed technical breakdown for experts, bridging the gap between raw data and public understanding. Below are the latest papers in pediatrics, freshly summarized from the medRxiv server.
This study demonstrates that predictive models using electronic health record data, specifically incorporating age, prior antibiotic prescriptions, and gastroesophageal reflux disease diagnosis at the first acute otitis media episode, can effectively identify children at risk for recurrent acute otitis media to facilitate early specialist intervention.
This study introduces the Skin Residual Bilirubin Volume (SRBV) framework to explain and resolve discrepancies between transcutaneous and serum bilirubin measurements in neonates, thereby enhancing the reliability of non-invasive jaundice monitoring during phototherapy and recovery.
This cross-sectional meta-analysis of 175 children with traumatic injuries reveals that child abuse, compared to accidental injuries, is associated with distinct DNA methylation changes at 11 genomic sites involved in neural function, immune regulation, and connective tissue development, suggesting early abuse induces both immediate injury responses and long-term systemic biological dysregulation.
This paper outlines a clinical feasibility study proposing a passive visual mirror exposure paradigm, utilizing non-interactive large screens or virtual reality to assess the ethical acceptability, tolerability, and physiological reliability of visual interventions in children with cerebral visual impairment and an atelic profile who lack observable behavioral responses.
This study leverages UF Health electronic health records to demonstrate that an interpretable XGBoost model, integrating clinical notes and medication data, effectively predicts pediatric asthma exacerbations over 6-, 12-, and 24-month horizons, offering a promising framework for risk stratification and clinical decision support.
This study demonstrates that cumulative adverse childhood experience (ACE) scores conceal substantial heterogeneity in specific exposure patterns within standard risk categories, a complexity that can be effectively quantified and visualized using combinatorial coverage metrics and UpSet plots to enable more precise, pattern-specific risk analyses.
This retrospective study of 59 pediatric poisoning cases at an Algiers hospital reveals that accidental ingestions of medications and caustic agents are the primary causes of emergency admissions, with caustic ingestions leading to the most severe outcomes and prolonged hospitalizations, thereby underscoring the urgent need for improved household safety measures and caregiver education in Algeria.
In a study of 138 children with sickle cell disease and confirmed asthma in French Guiana, researchers found that over one-third experienced severe clinical forms, but no specific factors were independently associated with severity, suggesting that environmental and contextual factors rather than allergic sensitization may drive disease outcomes in tropical settings.
This pilot and feasibility study found that the "Encompass" community-based group support programme, co-facilitated by an expert parent, significantly improved the wellbeing, confidence, and community engagement of caregivers of children with complex neurodisability through peer support and shared learning, despite some inconsistency in outcomes at the three-month follow-up.