137 papers
Physiology explores how living systems function, from the microscopic signals inside a single cell to the complex rhythms of an entire organism. This field seeks to understand the mechanical, physical, and biochemical processes that keep life moving, offering crucial insights into health, disease, and the body's remarkable ability to adapt.
On Gist.Science, we process every new preprint in this category from bioRxiv to make these rapid discoveries accessible to everyone. For each study, we provide both a clear, plain-language explanation and a detailed technical summary, ensuring that whether you are a curious student or a seasoned researcher, you can grasp the latest findings without getting lost in jargon.
The papers listed below represent the newest physiological research recently shared on bioRxiv, ready for you to explore.
This study utilizes dynamic proteomic profiling to demonstrate that human skeletal muscle adapts to endurance and resistance training through distinct, protein-specific regulation of synthesis rates within shared subcellular locations, rather than solely through changes in bulk protein fractions.
In a mouse model of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), hepatocyte-specific deletion of HIF2α failed to protect against liver disease progression and instead exacerbated extra-hepatic complications, including myocardial lipid accumulation, cardiac dysfunction, and loss of lean body mass.
This study demonstrates that metabolic syndrome induces significant metabolic and microbial alterations in the colon without inflammation, identifying conserved dysregulated pathways in both mouse models and humans that implicate colonic dysfunction as a potential driver of disease progression and a target for future therapies.
This study demonstrates that while incorporating muscle mass into Hill-type models significantly improves force predictions for larger-than-human muscles or high-cadence movements, the difference between mass-enhanced and traditional massless models remains negligible (<1%) for standard human-sized locomotion.
This study demonstrates that the senescence-inhibitory p53 isoform Δ133p53 extends lifespan and counteracts aging in progeria and naturally aged mice by repressing the proinflammatory chemokine CXCL10, a finding supported by inverse associations observed in human tissue datasets.
This study demonstrates that empagliflozin confers renoprotection in heart failure by suppressing renal sympathetic hyperactivity and disrupting a maladaptive neuro-epithelial-immune axis, which shifts renal macrophages toward a reparative phenotype and reduces tubular inflammation independently of the renin-angiotensin system.
This prospective study of trauma patients reveals that while hemorrhagic shock triggers an initial surge in circulating stem and progenitor cells and cytokines, their subsequent sharp decline and persistent early elevation in non-survivors correlate with worse outcomes, suggesting that serial profiling of these biomarkers could serve as a prognostic tool and identify a therapeutic window for regenerative interventions.
This study demonstrates that estrogen and nitric oxide signaling protect against early atherosclerosis through distinct yet complementary mechanisms by reducing endothelial oxLDL uptake via different pathways, preserving mitochondrial homeostasis, and modulating inflammatory responses to limit lesion formation.
This study demonstrates that tandem cycling performance relies on rider position and individual physiological capacity rather than the degree of matching between partners, with stokers consistently producing less power than pilots or their solo efforts while the combined output remains largely unaffected by partner disparity.
This study demonstrates that activating membrane progesterone receptors (mPR) with the agonist OD02-0 reverses hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in obese mice by engaging AMPK-mediated, non-genomic signaling pathways to enhance glucose uptake and improve metabolic control.