🧬 biology

Personality Heterogeneity Shapes the Neural Organization of Conditioned Threat Learning

This study demonstrates that individual differences in neuroticism shape the neural organization of conditioned threat learning by reducing the brain's ability to differentiate threat from safety signals, a pattern that specifically links neural threat representations to anxiety vulnerability within high-neuroticism individuals.

Mohammed Milad, Kai Zhang, Zhenfu Wen, Lihan Cui, Zakiya Atiyah, Isabel Moallem, Hani Meelad, Joe Borrelli, Isabella Mas (…)2026-07-03
🧬 biology

Circulating miRNAs as biomarkers for evaluating physiologic responses to an exercise-based rehabilitation programme in cancer survivors

This pilot study found that while a 12-week exercise rehabilitation program significantly improved functional and physiological parameters in cancer survivors, circulating miRNAs (with the exception of miR-126) showed limited responsiveness to the intervention and only modest associations with these physiological adaptations, suggesting a need for larger controlled studies to validate their utility as biomarkers.

YANPING JIANG, RANI KAMTI, SNEHAL KASTURE, Sonya Chew, Michael Kerin, Sanjeev Gupta, ANANYA GUPTA2026-07-03
🧬 biology

Intact learning and memory in mice incapable of de novo myelination

This study demonstrates that adult mice lacking the ability to form new compact myelin sheaths or provide metabolic support via Mct1 retain intact motor and fear learning and memory, indicating that these cognitive processes rely on non-canonical properties of pre-myelinating oligodendrocytes rather than the canonical functions of myelin in speeding neural conduction.

William Richardson, Matthew Swire, Stuart Nayar, Yi Jiang, Adam Halko, Marcus Lloyd, Katsutoshi Ogasawara, Koujiro Tohya (…)2026-07-03
🧬 biology

Grey matter degeneration during multiple sclerosis is linked to activation of neuronal necroptosis by oxidized phosphatidylcholines

This study demonstrates that oxidized phosphatidylcholines, generated by iron-induced lipid peroxidation in multiple sclerosis grey matter, trigger neuronal necroptosis and neurodegeneration, a process that can be ameliorated by inhibiting necroptosis.

Yifei Dong, Ruoqi Yu, Qurat Ul Ain, Gaili Yan, Jian Park, Rachel Dignean, Stephanie Zandee, Wendy Klement, Sandra Larouc (…)2026-07-03
🧬 biology

Activation of differential brain regions after sensing and eating a high-fat diet in mice

This study utilizes c-Fos immunohistochemistry to demonstrate that while the lateral hypothalamus is activated by both sensing and eating a high-fat diet, the paraventricular nucleus and basolateral amygdala respond specifically to sensory exposure, whereas the nucleus accumbens, ventral tegmental area, and central amygdala are activated only upon consumption.

Shunji Yamada, Kazunori Kojima, Yousuke Tsuneoka, Yoshihisa Watanabe, Takashi Tanida, Ken-ichi Matsuda, Masaki Tanaka2026-07-03
🧬 biology

Release rates and adhesion properties of biofilm-released Staphylococcus aureus SA113 cells cultured under constant flow

This study demonstrates that *Staphylococcus aureus* cells released from early-stage biofilms exhibit significantly enhanced adhesion forces and rupture lengths on various medical substrates compared to planktonic or late-stage biofilm-released cells, suggesting their critical role in initiating new implant-associated infections under flow conditions.

Ben Wieland, Ina Krüger, Sabryna Junker, Philipp Jung, Sören L. Becker, Karin Jacobs, Markus Bischoff2026-07-03
🧬 biology

Transcriptomics in identifying tea plant breeding lines: a case study on the elite progenies of Camellia sinensis ‘Emei Wenchun’

This study integrates transcriptomic and biochemical profiling to elucidate the regulatory networks governing key quality traits in *Camellia sinensis* 'Emei Wenchun' and establishes a high-resolution DNA fingerprinting framework using 150 SNP markers to accurately verify parentage and protect elite breeding lines.

Wei Chen, Jing Zhang, Guo Chen, DanDan Tang, Dong Cui, Yongxian Chen, Weiqi Wen, Qian Tang, Liqiang Tan2026-07-03