🧬 biology

Ultra-Micro Electrodes Enable Low-Current Amplitude Discrimination in Intracortical Microstimulation

This study demonstrates that ultra-microelectrodes (5–10 µm) enable low-threshold intracortical microstimulation with superior amplitude discrimination in rats by operating at lower reference amplitudes within safe charge injection limits while maintaining proportional psychophysical scaling.

Elizabeth Su, Vinayak Retheesh, Karthik Kumaravelu, Shiva Sharma, Warren M. Grill, Kevin Otto2026-08-20
🧬 biology

Extreme tolerance to chromosomal restructuring and male-linked B chromosome inheritance in Neotropical vertebrate model

This study characterizes the Neotropical banjo catfish *Bunocephalus aloikae* as a powerful model for understanding extreme genome plasticity, revealing its remarkable tolerance for individual-specific large-scale chromosomal rearrangements and the inheritance of male-linked B chromosomes despite the absence of a stable sex chromosome system.

Tomáš Pavlica, Ahmed Al-Rikabi, Tomáš Dvořák, Vendula Bohlen Šlechtová, Niklas Padutsch, Thomas Liehr, Petr Ráb, Milena (…)2026-08-20
🧬 biology

Exercise ameliorates sarcopenia and metabolic dysfunction–associated steatohepatitis through activation of skeletal muscle PGC-1α/SIRT1 signaling in mice

This study demonstrates that voluntary exercise ameliorates sarcopenia and metabolic dysfunction–associated steatohepatitis in aged mice by activating skeletal muscle PGC-1α/SIRT1 signaling to suppress TNF-α-mediated inflammation, thereby improving both muscle and liver pathology through local metabolic remodeling rather than systemic myokine release.

Daisuke Minowa, Yohei Shirakami, Toshihide Maeda, Shinji Unome, Makoto Kamei, Daisuke Taguchi, Masaya Kubota, Kenji Imai (…)2026-08-20
🧬 biology

First molecular confirmation and distributional refinement of Bhutan takin (Budorcas taxicolor whitei) in Arunachal Pradesh, India: an integrative approach with conservation implications

This study provides the first molecular confirmation and distributional refinement of the Bhutan takin (*Budorcas taxicolor whitei*) in Arunachal Pradesh, India, by integrating camera trapping, morphological observations, and mitochondrial DNA analysis to validate its presence and expand its known range in the Eastern Himalaya.

Yomto Mayi, Salvador Lyngdoh, Shantabala Devi Gurumayum, Vikram Delu2026-08-20
🧬 biology

Outer Membrane Vesicles derived from Klebsiella pneumoniae enhance biofilm formation and matrix integrity by delivering biofilm-associated mRNAs

This study demonstrates that Outer Membrane Vesicles (OMVs) derived from *Klebsiella pneumoniae*, particularly those from biofilm states, enhance biofilm formation and matrix integrity by delivering biofilm-associated mRNAs, including those encoding quorum sensing components, thereby revealing a novel mechanism for biofilm regulation and a potential therapeutic target.

Jiahui Wang, Zijuan Jian, Xia Chen, Yanming Li, Peilin Liu, Qun Yan, Wenen Liu2026-08-20
🧬 biology

Establishment of a human pluripotent stem cell-derived sensory neuron model for diabetic peripheral neuropathy and pharmacological evaluation

This study establishes a scalable human pluripotent stem cell-derived sensory neuron model that faithfully recapitulates the metabolic and morphological features of diabetic peripheral neuropathy, demonstrating its utility for evaluating the neuroprotective efficacy of agents like N-acetylcysteine, minocycline, and metformin against oxidative stress-induced axonal degeneration.

Jialin zhu, Yanfeng Zhang, Jiaqi Zhang, Zhaobo Nie2026-08-20
🧬 biology

Recapitulating SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Human Lung Organoid-on-a-Chip at the Air-Liquid Interface

The study presents a human lung organoid-on-a-chip model that successfully recapitulates native airway complexity and reveals conserved SARS-CoV-2-induced epithelial remodeling and vascular angiogenic responses across multiple viral variants, offering a physiologically relevant platform for respiratory disease research.

Sohyun Park, So-Hui Kim, Bokyong Kim, Eun-Young Eo, Hyung-Jun Kim, Yuhui Jeong, Jeongbin Park, Young-Jae Cho2026-08-20