🧬 Category

q-bio

4350 papers

🧬 biology

Encoding Intermittent Parathyroid Hormone Signals in Stem Cell Exosomes Enables Targeted Repair of Osteoporotic Bone Defects

This study demonstrates that encoding intermittent parathyroid hormone signals into preconditioned stem cell-derived exosomes and delivering them via a thermosensitive hydrogel effectively repairs osteoporotic bone defects by simultaneously promoting osteogenesis and angiogenesis, restraining osteoclastogenesis, and modulating the inflammatory microenvironment through the activation of the PA-PLD-LATS1/YAP signaling axis.

Jiaqi Fang, Yiqing Wu, Xuejin Jin, Xinhui Wu, Bo Xu, Junkuan Shan, Liping Nan, Shuhao Liu, Wei Nie, Junjian Liu, Jinghua (…)2026-07-31
🧬 biology

Periodontal ligament stem cells control inflammation by pyrimidine metabolism

This study demonstrates that periodontal ligament stem cells suppress macrophage-driven inflammation and promote oral tissue healing by reprogramming pyrimidine metabolism to inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome activation, a mechanism validated by the therapeutic efficacy of the pyrimidine precursor triacetyluridine.

Jin Wook Hwang, Young Hun Son, Won Jong Park, Seung Hong Tak, Kwang Youl Lee, Min-Jung Park, Dong-Il Kim, Youn Ho Han2026-07-31
🧬 biology

Maternal contacts across the Baltic Sea – thousands of mitogenomes reveal maternal genetic structure and recent expansions in the Circum- Baltic region

By analyzing over 9,000 mitogenomes, this study reveals that fine-scale maternal genetic structure and recent population expansions in the Circum-Baltic region were significantly shaped by Bronze and Iron Age demographic processes, uncovering distinct trajectories such as Sweden's post-Bronze Age recovery and a previously overlooked maternal genetic link between Estonia and Finland.

Hovhannes Sahakyan, Maere Reidla, Ene Metspalu, Ivan A. Kuznetsov, Rodrigo Flores, Kadri Irdt Rezzakioğlu, Olga Utevska (…)2026-07-31
🧬 biology

Regulatory systems in Hydra: Serotonin, Allatotropin and Allatostatin-C crosstalk on Cnidocytes Activity

This study reveals that in *Hydra*, the discharge of feeding-related desmoneme cnidocytes is finely regulated by a hierarchical and concerted crosstalk between stimulatory serotonin and allatotropin, which activate Gq-coupled GPCRs to increase cytosolic calcium, and inhibitory allatostatin-C, which antagonizes their effects.

María Victoria Gavazzi, Jorge Rafael Ronderos, María Eugenia Alzugaray2026-07-31
🧬 biology

Utilization of Human Choroid Plexus Brain Organoids to Study Fluid Osmoregulation with Response to Osmotic Imbalance

This study establishes human choroid plexus brain organoids as a viable in vitro model for syringomyelia research, demonstrating their ability to produce physiologically relevant CSF-like fluid and revealing specific molecular pathways involving betaine, water, and ion transporters that respond to osmotic stress, thereby identifying potential non-surgical therapeutic targets for syrinx management.

Katherine J. Bradshaw, Dipak Pukale, Gowsia Banu Shaik, Peng Jiang, Nic D Leipzig2026-07-31
🧬 biology

Moderate vs. Excessive Video Gaming: Distinct Neurocognitive and Neural Activation Profiles in Preadolescence

Using a large sample from the ABCD Study, this research reveals that while excessive video gaming (≥3 hours/day) is linked to attention problems and ADHD, moderate gaming (<1 hour/day) is associated with enhanced cognitive performance and lower aggressive behavior compared to non-gamers.

Bader Chaarani, Leigh-Anne Cioffredi, Matthew Albaugh, Nicholas Allgaier, Robert Althoff, Alexandra Potter, Hugh Garavan2026-07-31
🧬 biology

Mesothelial Plasticity Specifies Divergent Pleural Immune Circuits that Instruct Lung Regeneration versus Degeneration

This study identifies mesothelial cell plasticity as the critical determinant between lung regeneration and degeneration, revealing that a TWIST1-CCL2 axis drives pro-regenerative monocyte recruitment in pneumonectomy while its absence leads to fibrotic remodeling in chronic lung allograft dysfunction.

Xin Sun, Le Xu, Kevin Chen, Barsha Dash, Bingpeng Yao, Rongbo Li, Xingan Wang, Zihe Zhou, Vincent Yu, Rebecca Salamon, P (…)2026-07-31
🧬 biology

Perinatal alcohol exposure disrupts emotional and reward processing in a sex- and age-dependent manner

This study demonstrates that perinatal alcohol exposure induces sex- and age-dependent disruptions in emotional learning and reward processing in mice, characterized by adolescent fear deficits in both sexes and persistent male-specific increases in alcohol preference and altered circadian activity, underpinned by region-specific molecular changes in neurotransmitter and stress-related pathways.

Olga Valverde, Jimena Frontera, Javier Orihuel, Mireia Medrano, Cristian Bis-Humbert, Xavier Puig-Reyne2026-07-31
🧬 biology

Downregulation of circRNA_29625 in the Hippocampus Drives Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorder by Reducing SIRT1 and Exacerbating Anesthesia/Surgery-Induced Neuroinflammation

This study identifies that the downregulation of hippocampal circRNA_29625 drives perioperative neurocognitive disorder in aged mice by suppressing SIRT1 expression, thereby exacerbating neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and synaptic dysfunction, which can be reversed by restoring this circRNA–SIRT1 axis.

Wei Dong, Qian Hu, Xiao-Bin Lyu, Zi-Han Zhou, Jia-Wang Qian, Xin-Jie Zhou, Zhi-Fan Wang, Yu-Qing Wu, Fang Gao, Qiang Liu2026-07-31