🧬 Category

q-bio

4401 papers

🧬 biology

Footprints of adaptive evolution in mitochondrial protein-coding genes of endemic Ethiopian brush-furred rats (Lophuromys) living at high altitude

This study reveals that while purifying selection is the dominant force maintaining mitochondrial function in Ethiopian *Lophuromys* rats, high-altitude adaptation involves rare, lineage-specific positive selection on protein-coding genes and likely relies on a combination of localized mitochondrial changes and alternative physiological mechanisms rather than widespread adaptive introgression.

Valeria A. Komarova, Josef Bryja, Leonid A. Lavrenchenko2026-07-31
🧬 biology

EEG microstates under naturalistic movie-watching: dissociating state and trait empathy with links to prosocial behavior

This study demonstrates that EEG microstate analysis applied during naturalistic movie-watching can effectively capture empathy-related brain dynamics, revealing distinct condition-dependent patterns that correlate with event-related potentials, prosocial behavior, and trait empathy, thereby extending the method's utility beyond resting-state and clinical research.

Zhiyu Shen, Miao Huang, Chenbo Wang2026-07-31
🧬 biology

Neurobiological and Cognitive Effects of Academic Stress on Pre-medical Students Ofpunjab Pakistan; A Cross-Section Study

This cross-sectional study of 302 pre-medical students in Punjab, Pakistan, reveals that high levels of academic stress associated with MDCAT preparation are significantly correlated with increased perceived cognitive difficulties and poor sleep quality, supporting the hypothesis that chronic academic pressure adversely affects neurobiological and cognitive functioning even before medical school entry.

MANHIL AHMED KHAN KHAN2026-07-31
🧬 biology

Experimental fatigue detection of high-speed train drivers using dual-modal PPG and EEG signals under noise exposure

This study addresses the critical issue of noise-induced fatigue in high-speed train drivers by developing a dual-modal PPG-EEG detection system that reveals a "central inhibition–peripheral compensation" mechanism and introduces a novel Dual-modal Integrated Fatigue Index (DIFI) with a three-level intervention strategy, achieving a 10.6% performance improvement over single-modal methods.

Jiahao Liu, Lu Yu, Yongqiang Liu2026-07-31
🧬 biology

Plasma Lipidomics Reveals Reproducible Coordinated Lipid Programs Associated with Organ Failure in Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure

This study demonstrates that in Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure (ACLF), reproducible disease-associated biology is more robustly captured by coordinated alterations in lipid classes and modules than by individual lipid species, revealing specific lipid programs linked to organ failure severity and shared critical illness mechanisms.

Rohini Saha, Sonali Mukherjee, Praveen Singh, Nidhi Gauniyal, Subhadra Priyadarshini, Rajat Ujjainiya, Mamta Rathode, Wa (…)2026-07-31
🧬 biology

Chromosome-level genome reveals the phylogenomics and hibernation-related evolution in Tibetan brown bear (Ursus arctos pruinosus)

This study presents a high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly of the Tibetan brown bear, revealing its demographic history of population expansion and bottlenecks, as well as a unique carbohydrate-dominated metabolic adaptation for hibernation that distinguishes it from North American brown bears.

Muran Zhao, Anmin Wang, Hai Liu, Chenxing Yu, Yanlin Liu, Nan Sun, Guogang Li2026-07-31
🧬 biology

Wolbachia-mediated dengue control remains robust under insecticide stress in Aedes aegypti

This study demonstrates that Wolbachia-mediated dengue control in *Aedes aegypti* remains robust and effective despite sublethal insecticide exposure, as the symbiont's density, pathogen blocking, and reproductive traits rapidly recover without compromising viral suppression.

Benjamin DUPUIS, Laurence MOUSSON, Marie VAZEILLE, Chloé BOHERS, Sosiasi KILAMA, Nicolas POCQUET, Anna-Bella Failloux2026-07-31