q-bio papers | Gist.Science

Perinatal alcohol exposure disrupts emotional and reward processing in a sex- and age-dependent manner

This study demonstrates that perinatal alcohol exposure induces sex- and age-dependent disruptions in emotional learning and reward processing in mice, characterized by adolescent fear deficits in both sexes and persistent male-specific increases in alcohol preference and altered circadian activity, underpinned by region-specific molecular changes in neurotransmitter and stress-related pathways.

Olga Valverde, Jimena Frontera, Javier Orihuel, Mireia Medrano, Cristian Bis-Humbert, Xavier Puig-Reyne2026-07-31

🧬 biology

Downregulation of circRNA_29625 in the Hippocampus Drives Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorder by Reducing SIRT1 and Exacerbating Anesthesia/Surgery-Induced Neuroinflammation

This study identifies that the downregulation of hippocampal circRNA_29625 drives perioperative neurocognitive disorder in aged mice by suppressing SIRT1 expression, thereby exacerbating neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and synaptic dysfunction, which can be reversed by restoring this circRNA–SIRT1 axis.

Wei Dong, Qian Hu, Xiao-Bin Lyu, Zi-Han Zhou, Jia-Wang Qian, Xin-Jie Zhou, Zhi-Fan Wang, Yu-Qing Wu, Fang Gao, Qiang Liu2026-07-31

🧬 biology

Generating behaviour-equivalent parameters for whole-organism simulators from tracking video

The paper introduces PGOB, a non-invasive method that uses tracking video to generate behavior-equivalent parameters for whole-organism simulators across multiple species and models, effectively achieving physiological-level calibration without requiring invasive measurements.

Chenxi He2026-07-31

🧬 biology

A cell-permeable pyranine derivative as new fluorescent substrate for human UDP- glucuronosyltransferase and sulfotransferase enzymes

This study identifies a novel cell-permeable pyranine derivative, F-pyrene, as a sensitive fluorescent probe that enables the visualization and kinetic analysis of human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase and sulfotransferase enzyme activities through distinct color shifts upon metabolic conjugation.

Risto O Juvonen, Agnes-Valencia Weiss, Julia Draeger, Jan Hemmer, Moshe Finel, Sonja M Kessler, Marc Schneider, Alexandr (…)2026-07-31

🧬 biology

Uropathogenic Escherichia coli remodels LPS to evade Caspase-11-dependent pyroptosis to establish intracellular bacterial communities

Uropathogenic *Escherichia coli* (UPEC) upregulates the phosphotransferase LpxT to modify its lipopolysaccharide (LPS) lipid A, thereby evading Caspase-11 detection and pyroptosis to successfully establish intracellular bacterial communities and cause recurrent urinary tract infections.

Yu Pang, Xueping Li, Si Zhang, Lingyan Jiang, Qian Wang, Hongmin Sun, Chen Ji, Jianwei Mu, Qiyue Zhang, Xiao Zhang, Peng (…)2026-07-31

🧬 biology

Rhinoceros unicornis Poaching Trends and Conservation Management in Kaziranga National Park, Assam, India: A Historical and Field-Based Review (1965-2021)

This study synthesizes historical data and recent field surveys to analyze the trajectory of Greater One-Horned Rhinoceros poaching in Kaziranga National Park from 1965 to 2021, demonstrating how an integrated conservation model combining robust anti-poaching enforcement, adaptive habitat management, and community engagement has successfully reversed population declines and mitigated ecological threats.

Mridumalay Das2026-07-31

🧬 biology

The genetic architecture of monogenic neurodevelopmental disorders in Pakistan: a systematic review, 2006–2024

This systematic review of 145 studies (2006–2024) reveals that neurodevelopmental disorders in Pakistan are characterized by extensive genetic heterogeneity and a marked predominance of autosomal recessive inheritance driven by high consanguinity, with whole-exome sequencing identifying 424 unique variants across 289 genes, primarily in the Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa provinces.

Fareeza Anwar, Shah Zainab, Shahab Uddin, Kashif Khan, Ashfaq Ahmad, Misbah Naz, Inam Ullah, Abrar Hussain, Hamid Khan (…)2026-07-31

🧬 biology

Automated cross-source gap detection reveals phage therapy deserts in WHO priority pathogens: a proof-of-concept

This study introduces a reproducible, automated methodology that integrates genomic, publication, and clinical trial data to systematically map phage therapy research gaps across WHO priority pathogens, revealing critical "deserts" with no clinical trials for high-priority threats like *Neisseria gonorrhoeae* and *Salmonella typhi*.

Carsten Rehfeld2026-07-31

🧬 biology

A Computational Investigation of the Conserved OCT4 Linker Identifies a Candidate Structural Interface Underlying Pluripotency

This computational study identifies a highly conserved structural interface within the OCT4 linker, specifically highlighting the Gln81 residue's hydrogen-bonded interaction with the POU-specific domain as the critical determinant of pluripotency that distinguishes OCT4 from non-reprogramming OCT family members.

Bhavyaa Tyagi2026-07-31

🧬 biology

Structure-verified graph attention networks for residue-level prediction of antibody-contact escape mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein

This study establishes a structure-verified pipeline linking SARS-CoV-2 sequences to antibody-spike complexes to generate reliable escape mutation labels, demonstrating that while graph attention networks achieve high performance on familiar structures, their ability to generalize to novel antibody targets depends critically on the overlap of verified contact positions and the rigorous correction of labeling artifacts.

Samanvith Chowdhary Pentyala2026-07-31

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