Portrayals of Animals and Birds in Sacred Spaces: Exploring Iconography, Symbolism, and Cultural Significance in Mediaeval South Indian Religious and Artistic Traditions
This paper examines the iconography, symbolism, and cultural significance of animal and bird depictions in medieval South Indian temple architecture across the Chola, Pandya, Vijayanagara, and Hoysala dynasties, highlighting how these artistic representations integrate nature, spirituality, and society while continuing to influence contemporary art, heritage conservation, and environmental consciousness.