Real Individuals and Atomism: Marx’s Transcendental Path to Communism
This paper argues that Marx's communist thought, particularly its core of free and all-round human development, originated not merely with the signifier "Communism" but was cultivated early in his student years through a unique philosophical trajectory that synthesized Protestant ethics, Enlightenment rationality, Romantic critique, and German speculative philosophy to ultimately affirm the free spirit of the sensuous individual via Epicurean atomism, thereby establishing an independent foundation for his subsequent scientific theory of communism.