Strengthening the Identification and Enumeration of Pregnant Women, Under-five Children and Adolescent Girls to Improve Immunisation, Maternal Health and Other PHC Services: Lessons from Sokoto State, Nigeria

This study evaluates the 2025 Identify, Enumerate and Vaccinate (IEV) exercise in Sokoto State, Nigeria, demonstrating that while digital enumeration successfully strengthened population identification for maternal and child health services, its full impact was constrained by operational challenges such as network failures, security issues, and sociocultural barriers, necessitating future strategies that integrate offline digital systems, extended timelines, and stronger subnational leadership.