earth_science papers | Gist.Science

Machine Learning and Bias-Corrected CMIP6 for Improved Streamflow Prediction in the Data-Scarce Kulfo River, Ethiopia

This study demonstrates that integrating bias-corrected CMIP6 climate projections with machine learning models, particularly Random Forest, significantly improves streamflow prediction accuracy in the data-scarce Kulfo River basin, revealing a future trend of rising temperatures and declining annual streamflow with increased hydrological uncertainty under various climate change scenarios.

Hailemariam Molla Ashagre, Demelash Wondimagegnehu Goshime, Babur Tesfaye Yersaw, Melaku Adugnaw Walle2026-06-29

📄 earth_science

Climate Variability, Environmental Stress, and Early-Life Health

Using Kenyan data, this paper demonstrates that fetal health risks from climate variability are driven primarily by short-term temperature and rainfall anomalies, nonlinear extremes, and late-pregnancy exposure rather than average conditions, thereby reconciling mixed findings in existing literature.

Steve Muchiri2026-06-29

📄 earth_science

A Simplified and Cost-Effective Procedure for Deer Population Estimation Based on Faecal Pellet Group Counts

This paper proposes and validates a cost-effective, simplified method for estimating deer population density in fenced Mediterranean landscapes by utilizing a stable "pellet groups per individual" (Pgi) value to bypass traditional defecation and decay rate calculations, demonstrating that strip transect sampling offers the highest precision-to-cost ratio.

Cláudio Bicho, Russell Alpizar-Jara, Pedro Santos2026-06-29

📄 earth_science

Risk Assessment of Linear Cultural Landscapes from the Perspective of Nature-Culture Integration: A Case Study of the Core Area of the Shandong Section of the Grand Canal National Cultural Park

This study constructs a coupled natural-cultural risk assessment framework for the Shandong Section of the Grand Canal National Cultural Park using multi-source data and the H-E-V model, revealing distinct spatial risk patterns and proposing a hierarchical protection strategy to address the superposition of natural and human-induced threats.

Feng Song, Wenkang Zhao, Yue Wang2026-06-29

📄 earth_science

The Analysis of Building Use Patterns Implications in Major Cities in Tanzania

This study analyzes 2022 census data from six major Tanzanian cities to reveal that an overwhelming 87.6% of buildings are exclusively residential, a trend that underscores a critical lack of mixed-use development which may hinder economic vitality and sustainable urban growth.

Paulo Kitosi, David Mwipopo, Philemon Mwakiwone2026-06-29

📄 earth_science

Impact attribution of climate and population change on compound flood impacts from tropical cyclone Idai in Mozambique

This study employs an extended storyline attribution framework to demonstrate that while both climate and population changes since 1975 have increased flood exposure from Tropical Cyclone Idai in Mozambique, population growth is the dominant driver, with climate change disproportionately affecting vulnerable socio-economic groups in ways that spatial aggregation can obscure.

Doris M. Vertegaal, Bart J. J. M. van den Hurk, Anaïs Couasnon, Dominik Paprotny, Sanne Muis2026-06-29

📄 earth_science

Slope stability and gully expansion rate prediction in southeastern Nigeria using an integrated Geotechnical, Statistical and GIS-Based approach

This study integrates geotechnical, statistical, and GIS-based analyses to demonstrate that the Opi–Ugwuogo road gullies in southeastern Nigeria, characterized by loose sandy soils with low shear strength, are primarily driven by road-induced runoff and exhibit rapid expansion rates of up to 17.6 m/year, rendering the slopes critically unstable under saturated conditions.

Mabel N. Ede, Michael E. Omeka, Ogbonnaya Igwe, Henry C. Eze, Godwin G. Amah, Victor E. Nyong, Esther E. Malik, Juliet U (…)2026-06-29

📄 earth_science

Global evidence linking development-driven urban actions with climate change mitigation and adaptation outcomes

By analyzing 5,610 studies across 750+ cities, this research shifts the climate discourse from a climate-first approach to one where climate mitigation and adaptation are framed as co-benefits of development-driven urban actions, revealing how varying local motivations, action types, and barriers shape global climate outcomes.

Wenjia Cai, Han Zhao, Alexander Baklanov, Aliyu Barau, Frederic Bonou, Sorin Cheval, Felix Creutzig, Congkai Hong, Victo (…)2026-06-29

📄 earth_science

Integrating eDNA into National Estuarine Monitoring: Successes, Challenges, and Trends

This study demonstrates that integrating eDNA metabarcoding into the National Estuarine Research Reserve System's monitoring program successfully expanded biodiversity characterization across US estuaries, despite facing operational challenges such as costs, detection uncertainties, and the need to balance standardization with evolving protocols.

Alison W Watts, Jeffrey T Miller, Fouad El Baidouri, Edward J Buskey, Laura C Crane, Nikki Dix, Matthew C Ferner, Heathe (…)2026-06-29

📄 earth_science

The metazoan parasite infracommunities of flounders as indicators of environmental impact in the southern Gulf of Mexico: taxonomic and functional approaches

This study demonstrates that metazoan parasite infracommunities of flounders in the southern Gulf of Mexico serve as effective bioindicators of environmental impact, with taxonomic and functional approaches revealing stronger statistical associations with pollutants in the high-oil-extraction Campeche Sound region compared to areas affected by natural seeps or runoff.

Víctor M. Vidal-Martínez, Frank A. Ocaña, Lilia C. Soler-Jiménez, Jhonny G. García-Teh, Zita Paulette Arriaga Piñón, Iva (…)2026-06-29

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