medicine papers | Gist.Science

Perceptions of undergraduate health professions students on the utilisation of artificial intelligence tools for teaching, learning and assessment: a cross-sectional questionnaire study at a health sciences university in southern India

This cross-sectional study of undergraduate health professions students in southern India reveals generally favorable yet moderate perceptions of AI for teaching and assessment, with attitudes varying significantly by discipline rather than gender or prior exposure, highlighting a critical need for faculty-wide AI literacy curricula to address concerns about verification and assessment integrity.

Supriya J Kulkarni, Jyoti Nagamoti, Sunil Kumar D2026-10-21

📄 medicine

Speaker-Wise Dementia Screening fromNaturalistic Speech with Lexical Entropy, Semantic Drift, and Multimodal Fusion

This study presents a multimodal framework for early dementia screening using naturalistic speech that integrates lexical, semantic, and acoustic features, demonstrating that computational markers like lexical entropy and semantic drift offer significant discriminative value, particularly in the years leading up to a formal diagnosis.

Royce Salah2026-10-21

📄 medicine

Artificial intelligence simulation study of Therapeutic Plasma Exchange (TPE) using an 8- State Markov State-Transition Model integrated within a Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo Framework

This AI-driven simulation study utilizing an 8-state Markov model and Bayesian framework suggests that Therapeutic Plasma Exchange (TPE) offers a profound survival advantage for septic patients with severe multi-organ failure, while demonstrating more modest benefits in those with moderate illness severity.

Vladimir Kuklin, Philip Keith, Timofey Kondratiev, L. Keith Scott, Bernd Stegmayr, Sascha David, Joseph A. Carcillo2026-10-21

📄 medicine

Primary vesicoureteral reflux in children with renal hypoplasia: prevalence and severity according to history of febrile urinary tract infection

This study demonstrates that high-grade primary vesicoureteral reflux is highly prevalent in children with renal hypoplasia, particularly those with a history of febrile urinary tract infections, yet it also occurs frequently in those without such history, supporting an individualized, risk-informed approach to diagnostic evaluation.

Satoshi Hibino, Naoya Fujita, Eiji Hisamatsu, Kazuki Tanaka, Katsumi Mizuno2026-10-21

🧬 biology

Blocking NEDD4L-Mediated ACE2 Ubiquitination at Lysine 788 Alleviates Hypoxia- Induced Pulmonary Hypertension: A Mechanistic Study

This study demonstrates that blocking NEDD4L-mediated ubiquitination of ACE2 at the specific lysine 788 residue prevents its degradation, thereby stabilizing ACE2 levels and alleviating hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in rats, suggesting a precision therapeutic strategy that targets this interaction without inhibiting global NEDD4L function.

Rui Wang, Rui Wang, Tianya Liu, Qianmin Chen, Zhiping Wang2026-10-21

📄 medicine

A Real-World Comparison of BOIN versus Bayesian CRM in Phase I Dose-Finding Trials for Solid Tumors: A Single-Center Retrospective Study from 2020 to 2024

This single-center retrospective study of 78 patients across 15 phase I solid tumor trials (2020–2024) demonstrates that the Bayesian Optimal Interval (BOIN) design offers comparable dose-finding accuracy to the Continual Reassessment Method (CRM) while significantly outperforming it in operational efficiency, reducing study duration, protocol deviations, and manpower costs, making it particularly suitable for resource-constrained research centers.

Lina Bai, Fangfang Wang, Junkang Zhao, Liyun Zhang, Zhiqiang He2026-10-21

📄 medicine

Integrated multi-pathogen serosurveillance in children from East New Britain, Papua New Guinea using multiplex bead assays

This study utilized multiplex bead assays on blood samples from 379 children in East New Britain, Papua New Guinea, to reveal widespread early-life exposure to multiple endemic pathogens, with the highest seropositivity observed for *Cryptosporidium* and dengue, thereby demonstrating the value of integrated serosurveillance for guiding public health interventions.

Maria Ome-Kaius, Stefanie Vaccher, Daisy Mantila, Damitha Rakuafery, Milena Dalton, Pele Melepia, Patrick Kiromat, Edwar (…)2026-10-21

📄 medicine

Breast Reconstruction After Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy with Simultaneous Mastopexy in the Large and Ptotic Breast: One Step Transformation

This retrospective study demonstrates that a single-stage breast reconstruction using a wide-based adipodermal NAC flap with prepectoral implant placement and simultaneous mastopexy is a safe and feasible option for patients with large, ptotic breasts, yielding acceptable complication rates and significant nipple repositioning.

Weaam S Magram, Osama A. Samargandi, Zaher T Fadel, Mawaddah Alrajraji, Nora Tarabulsi, Hattan Aljaaly, Basim Awan2026-10-21

📄 medicine

Relatives’ perspectives on quality of life and psychiatric care in severe and persistent mental illness in Germany

This qualitative study in Germany reveals that relatives of individuals with severe and persistent mental illness view quality of life as a multidimensional concept shaped by social relationships, autonomy, and meaningful activities, while identifying fragmented care, communication deficits, and limited family involvement as critical barriers to support.

Rebecca Jessica Martorana, Johannes Hewig, Andrea Kübler2026-10-21

📄 medicine

Integrating Interpolated Weather Data into National Clinical Data Warehouse to Support Health Services

This study addresses Bangladesh's vulnerability to climate-sensitive diseases by developing the Climate-NCDW framework, which utilizes Random Forest interpolation to integrate high-resolution weather data with the National Clinical Data Warehouse, thereby enabling real-time disease risk assessment and optimized public health decision-making.

Muhammad Tanvir Rahman, Sadia Sharmin, Md Raihan Mia, Sheikh Iqbal Ahamed, Abu Sayed Md Latiful Ho2026-10-21

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