🧬 biology

Replicon-resolved pangenomics reveals functional specialisation and genome evolution in Vibrio coralliilyticus

This study employs a machine-learning classifier to analyze 41 *Vibrio coralliilyticus* genomes, revealing that while chromosomes share similar core gene proportions, they exhibit distinct functional specializations, and highlighting the complementary evolutionary roles of chromosomes and diverse megaplasmid lineages in environmental adaptation.

Esther Rubio-Portillo, Francisco Nadal-Molero, Ana-Belen Martin-Cuadrado2026-11-02
🧬 biology

Genome-wide and haplotype mapping reveals genetic drivers of biomass productivity per unit water and nitrogen in sorghum

This study integrates multi-environment phenotyping and whole-genome resequencing of sorghum to identify specific SNPs and haplotypes, particularly on chromosomes 5 and 9, that govern biomass-based water and nitrogen productivity, revealing genetically tractable loci and biological pathways for improving climate-resilient crop performance.

Pramod Sargar, Niranjan Thakur, Shivaji Mehtre, Pradeep Ruperao, Christian Hermans, Hirakant Kalpande, Godawari Pawar, A (…)2026-11-02
🧬 biology

GC-MS Based Phytochemical Profiling and Integrated In vitro and In silico Evaluation of Cucurbita maxima Leaf Extract Against Diabetes and Androgen Receptor Dependent Prostate Cancer

This study demonstrates that *Cucurbita maxima* leaf extract exhibits concentration-dependent α-amylase inhibitory activity and identifies Stigmasterol (CMP88) and Desmosterol (CMP91) as promising dual-target candidates for diabetes and androgen receptor-dependent prostate cancer through integrated *in vitro* assays and *in silico* molecular docking and dynamics simulations.

Sozoni Khatun, Md. Jubel Hussein, Md Reduanul Haque Kavey, Md Jannatul Islam Polash, Md Anisur Rahman, Tasfia Saffat, Is (…)2026-11-02
🧬 biology

Human-Governed Multi-Agent AI for Biological Hypothesis Generation: An Evidence-Grounded Framework Using JUMP Cell Painting Profiles

This paper presents the DISCOVERY-AGENT framework, which integrates JUMP Cell Painting profiles with human-governed multi-agent AI to generate and critique biological hypotheses, demonstrating the feasibility of auditable evidence processing while highlighting current limitations in achieving validated autonomous discovery and significant mechanistic findings.

Stephen Kamran, Farah Saman2026-11-02
🧬 biology

IGF1R trafficking is modulated by VPS25/ESCRT-II in mice and humans to control skeletal fate commitment

This study reveals that the ESCRT-II subunit VPS25 controls skeletal fate commitment in mice and humans by mediating the lysosomal degradation of IGF1R, where its loss leads to receptor accumulation, a shift toward chondrogenesis over osteogenesis, and craniofacial abnormalities that can be rescued by IGF1R inhibition.

Licia Selleri, Viviana Hermosilla Aguayo, Maurizio Risolino, Jaiden de Anda, Mais Hashem, Samya Habeeb, Lama AlAbdi2026-11-02
🧬 biology

Developmental trajectories of neural modules underlying emotion generation and regulation across childhood and adolescence

By analyzing age-varying contributions of neural modules to emotion generation and regulation, this study reveals a dynamic, non-linear reorganization of emotional brain architecture across childhood and adolescence, highlighting distinct developmental trajectories that underscore the need for stage-matched interventions.

Xi Chen, Cong Xia, Ximu He, Qing Ma, Xutong Zhang, Cong Xie, Ning Hao, Yi Luo, Rui Ding, Shaozheng Qin2026-11-02
🧬 biology

NSD2 deficiency disrupts the epigenetic landscape of cochlear hair cells to enhance ECM expression and to perturb cochlear hair cell function

This study demonstrates that NSD2 deficiency in cochlear hair cells disrupts the epigenetic landscape by reducing H3K36me2 levels, leading to aberrant extracellular matrix accumulation and severe hearing impairment, which can be mitigated through ECM intervention.

Li Li, Ziyi Wang, Yue Xu, Xiaojie Ma, Dehuan Wang, Wenxin Feng, Ningyuan Liu, Hanyu Rao, Wei Zhang, Rebiguli Aji, Ziwen (…)2026-11-02